sspd

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ spd (“to be sharp”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛsɛpɛd/
  • Conventional anglicization: seseped

Verb

 caus. 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to sharpen
2. (transitive) to make ready, to prepare
3. (transitive) to supply (+ m: with)

Inflection

Conjugation of sspd (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: sspd

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural sspd sspdw, sspd sspdt sspd sspd ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 sspd ḥr sspd m sspd r sspd suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect sspd.n sspdw, sspd consecutive sspd.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative sspdt perfective3 sspd active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 sspd.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective sspd active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 sspdw, sspd, sspdy sspdw, sspd, sspdy potentialis1 sspd.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive sspd active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect sspd.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective sspd active + .tj1, .tw2 sspd sspd, sspdw5, sspdy5 imperfective sspd, sspdy, sspdw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 sspd, sspdj6, sspdy6 sspd, sspdw5 prospective sspd, sspdtj7 — sspdwtj1 4, sspdtj4, sspdt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sspd  

sspd

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 185, 357.
• Hoch, James (1997), Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 163