stif

See also: stif-

Cornish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognate with Welsh ystiffaf.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [stiːf]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [stiːf]

Noun

stif m (plural stifow)

1. A jet, squirt; a stream of fluid or gas
2. (aviation) A jet plane; Type of airplane propelled by jet engines instead of propellers

Derived terms

• stifa (“jet, squirt, spray”, verb)
• stifek (“squid”)
• stifella, stifya (“spray”, verb)
• stifjyn (“jet engine”)
• stiflinder (“jetlag”)
• stifliv (“jet stream”)
• stifyer (“spray”, noun)

Verb

stif

1. inflection of stifa / stifya:
   1. third-person singular present indicative/future indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

References

• “stif” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.
• Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish), 2018, published 2018, page 173

Middle English

Alternative forms

• styf, styfe, styff, styffe, stife, stiff, stiffe, stive, styve

Etymology

From Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf. The variant with a short vowel is probably from the comparative.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stiːf/, /stif/

Adjective

stif (comparative stiffer, superlative stiffeste)

1. Stiff, firm, hard; difficult to move or manipulate.
2. Strong, fixed, hardy well-built; constructed as to last.
3. Having strong resolve; unyielding or strong-minded.
4. Daring, audacious, valiant, boastful.
5. Having great strength, might or ability; mightful.
6. Having great force or potence; forceful.
7. Bloody, injurious, wounding; causing injury or challenge.
8. (rare) Runny; having a high viscosity.
9. (rare) Rough; not smooth to the touch.

Derived terms

• stifly
• stiffenes

Descendants

• English: stiff
• Scots: stif, stiff, steif
• Yola: stiff

References

• “stif, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 27 June 2018.

Adverb

stif (plural and weak singular stiffer, comparative stiffest)

1. Stiffly, firmly, unmoveably; in a way that is difficult to move or manipulate.
2. With strong resolve; unyieldingly or strong-mindedly.
3. Bloodily, injuriously, woundingly; in a way causing injury or challenge.
4. (rare) Daringly, bravely, forcefully, totally.

References

• “stif, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 27 June 2018.

North Frisian

Alternative forms

• stüf (Sylt)

Etymology

From Old Frisian stīf.

Adjective

stif (comparative (Föhr-Amrum) stiiwer or (Mooring) stiwer, superlative stifst)

1. stiff

Inflection

Inflection of stif (Föhr-Amrum dialect)

	masculine		feminine / neuter	plural
	indefinite	definite
positive
predicative / adverbial	stif
attributive	stiiwen	stif		stif
independent				stiiwen
partitive	stifs			—
comparative
predicative / adverbial	stiiwer
attributive	stiiweren	stiiwer		stiiwer
independent				stiiweren
partitive	stiiwers			—
superlative
predicative / adverbial	am stifsten
attributive	—	stifst		stifst
independent				stifsten

Inflection of stif (Mooring dialect)

	masculine		feminine / neuter	plural
	indefinite	definite
positive
predicative / adverbial	stif
attributive / independent	stiwen	stiwe	stiw	stiwe
partitive	stifs			—
comparative
predicative / adverbial	stiwer
attributive / independent	stiweren	stiwere	stiwer	stiwere
partitive	stiwers			—
superlative
predicative / adverbial	am stifsten
attributive / independent	—	stifste	stifst	stifste

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stīf.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stiːf/

Adjective

stīf

1. Stiff, firm, hard
2. Strong, fixed

Declension

Declension of stīf — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	stīf	stīf	stīf
Accusative	stīfne	stīfe	stīf
Genitive	stīfes	stīfre	stīfes
Dative	stīfum	stīfre	stīfum
Instrumental	stīfe	stīfre	stīfe
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	stīfe	stīfa, stīfe	stīf
Accusative	stīfe	stīfa, stīfe	stīf
Genitive	stīfra	stīfra	stīfra
Dative	stīfum	stīfum	stīfum
Instrumental	stīfum	stīfum	stīfum

Declension of stīf — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	stīfa	stīfe	stīfe
Accusative	stīfan	stīfan	stīfe
Genitive	stīfan	stīfan	stīfan
Dative	stīfan	stīfan	stīfan
Instrumental	stīfan	stīfan	stīfan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	stīfan	stīfan	stīfan
Accusative	stīfan	stīfan	stīfan
Genitive	stīfra, stīfena	stīfra, stīfena	stīfra, stīfena
Dative	stīfum	stīfum	stīfum
Instrumental	stīfum	stīfum	stīfum

Descendants

• Middle English: stif, styf, styfe, styff, styffe, stife, stiff, stiffe, stive, styve
  • English: stiff
  • Scots: stif, stiff, steif
  • Yola: stiff