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stour
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Stour
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English store, stoor, stour (“tall, powerful”), from Old English stōr (“tall, great, mighty, strong”), from Proto-West Germanic *stōr, from Proto-Germanic *stōraz, *stōrijaz (“great, big, strong”), from Proto-Indo-European *stā-r-, *stō-r- (“steadfast, firm; standing tall; big, bulky”).
Cognates
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈstɔː/, /ˈstʊə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈstɔɹ/, /ˈstʊɚ/
- Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ), -ʊə(ɹ)
Adjective
stour (comparative more stour, superlative most stour)
- (now rare outside dialects) Tall; large; stout.
- (now rare outside dialects) Strong; powerful; hardy; robust; sturdy.
- (now rare outside dialects) Bold; audacious.
- (now rare outside dialects) Rough in manner; stern; austere; ill-tempered.
- (now rare outside dialects, of a voice) Rough; hoarse; deep-toned; harsh.
- (now rare outside dialects, of cloth, land, etc.) Inflexible, stiff.
- 1545, Roger Ascham, Toxophilus, the Schole of Shootinge […], London: […] Edouardi Whytchurch, →OCLC:
- A fenny gooſe, even as her fleſhe is blacker, ſtoorer, unholſomer, ſo is her feather, for the ſame cauſe, courſer, ſtoorer, and rougher, and therefore I have heard very good fletchers ſay, that the ſecond fether in ſome place is better than the pinion in other ſome.
- (obsolete) Resolute; unyielding.
Derived terms
- stourly
- stourness
Noun
stour (plural stours)
Adverb
stour (comparative more stour, superlative most stour)
Etymology 2
From Middle English stoure, stourre, from Old Norse staurr (“a stake, pale”), from Proto-Germanic *stauraz (“pole, support”), from Proto-Indo-European *stā- (“to stand, place”). Cognate with Icelandic staur (“a stake, pole”), Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós, “a stake, cross”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈstaʊə/, /ˈstaʊ.ə/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈstaʊɚ/, /ˈstaʊɹ/
- Rhymes: -aʊə(ɹ), -aʊə, -aʊɹ
Noun
stour (plural stours)
Etymology 3
From Middle English stour, stor (“conflict”) from Anglo-Norman estur (“conflict, struggle”), from Old French estour, estor, estorme, estourmie, estormie (“battle, assault, conflict, tumult”), from Vulgar Latin *estorma, *storma (“battle, conflict, storm”), from Frankish *sturm (“storm, commotion, battle”), from Proto-Germanic *sturmaz (“storm”). Akin to Old High German sturm (“battle, storm”). More at storm.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈstɔː/, /ˈstʊə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈstɔɹ/, /ˈstʊ(ə)ɹ/
- Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ), -ʊə, -ʊ(ə)ɹ
Noun
stour (plural stours)
- (obsolete) An armed battle or conflict.
- 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:, Book V:
- Then there began a passyng harde stoure, for the Romaynes ever wexed ever bygger.
- 1600, Edward Fairfax, The Jerusalem Delivered of Tasso, XII, xv:
- This pair, who past have many a dreadful stour, / And proffer now to prove this venture stout, / Alone to this attempt let them go forth, / Alone than thousands of more price and worth.
- (obsolete) A time of struggle or stress.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
- Then gan she waile and weepe, to see that woefull stowre.
- (now dialectal) Tumult, commotion; confusion.
Verb
stour (third-person singular simple present stours, present participle stouring, simple past and past participle stoured)
- Alternative form of stoor.
Anagrams
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Middle English
Alternative forms
Adjective
stour
- alternative form of store
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