superus

Esperanto

Verb

superus

1. conditional of superi

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *superos, cognate to Oscan 𐌔𐌖𐌐𐌓𐌖𐌉𐌔 (supruis, dat. pl. m.) and Umbrian 𐌔𐌖𐌐𐌓𐌖 (supru, abl. sg. m.).

Equivalent to super (“above, over”, preposition) +‎ -us (adjectival suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsʊ.pɛ.rʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈsuː.pe.rus]

Adjective

superus (feminine supera, neuter superum, comparative superior, superlative suprēmus or superrimus or superrumus or summus, adverb super or suprā); first/second-declension adjective

1. above, upper, higher
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.3–4:

     multum ille et terrīs iactātus et altō
     vī superum saevae memorem Iūnōnis ob īram

     that [man] having been tossed about much – both on land and on sea – by the power of [those] above, because of the fierce, unforgetting anger of Juno
     (The travails of Aeneas are due to “higher powers,” i.e. the gods above. This poetic example shows the use of superum instead of superōrum for the genitive plural “of [those] above.” See: Aeneid; Juno (mythology).)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	superus	supera	superum		superī	superae	supera
genitive	superī	superae	superī		superōrum	superārum	superōrum
dative	superō	superae	superō		superīs
accusative	superum	superam	superum		superōs	superās	supera
ablative	superō	superā	superō		superīs
vocative	supere	supera	superum		superī	superae	supera

Derived terms

• superō (verb)

Descendants

• → Italian: supero

References

• “superus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “superus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “superus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the gods of the upper, lower world: superi; inferi