szf

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ zf (“to be(come) mild, merciful”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛzɛf/
  • Conventional anglicization: sezef

Verb

 caus. 2-lit.

1. (transitive, hapax legomenon) to mollify, to soothe, to agree well with
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.9–1.10:

     (j)m ꜣtw r jwf r gs skn šzp dj.f n.k (j)m wjn st kꜣ szft pw

     Don’t raven after meat next to a voracious man; partake when he gives to you. Don’t reject it; then it will be something soothing.

Inflection

Conjugation of szf (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: szf

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural szft, szf szfw, szf szft szf szf ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 szf ḥr szf m szf r szf suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect szf.n szfw, szf consecutive szf.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative szft perfective3 szf active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 szf.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective szf active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 szfw, szf, szfy szfw, szf, szfy potentialis1 szf.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive szf active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect szf.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective szf active + .tj1, .tw2 szf szf, szfw5, szfy5 imperfective szf, szfy, szfw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 szf, szfj6, szfy6 szf, szfw5 prospective szf, szftj7 — szfwtj1 4, szftj4, szft4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

References

• “szf (lemma ID 143990)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1930), Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 274.3
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 245