usva

Finnish

Alternative forms

• usma (poetic, dialectal)

Etymology

Unknown. Related to Karelian ušva / užva and probably Inari Sami osvođ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈusʋɑ/, [ˈus̠ʋɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -usʋɑ
• Syllabification^(key): us‧va
• Hyphenation^(key): us‧va

Noun

usva

1. mist, fog

Usage notes

• The words sumu, usva and utu all describe "water vapor lightly suspended near the ground", but – strictly speaking – at different degrees. However, they may often be used synonymously with no discretion.
  • Utu describes very light vapor near the ground, especially that occurring in the morning and therefore it is translated usually as "mist" or "haze".
  • Usva describes a bit thicker vapor than utu near the ground, especially when considering the water travelling conditions. Therefore, it is translated usually as "mist", "haze" or "fog".
  • Sumu describes very thick vapor obscuring the visibility near the ground and thus, it is translated usually as "mist" or "fog".

Declension

Inflection of usva (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		usva	usvat
genitive		usvan	usvien
partitive		usvaa	usvia
illative		usvaan	usviin
		singular	plural
nominative		usva	usvat
accusative	nom.	usva	usvat
	gen.	usvan
genitive		usvan	usvien usvain rare
partitive		usvaa	usvia
inessive		usvassa	usvissa
elative		usvasta	usvista
illative		usvaan	usviin
adessive		usvalla	usvilla
ablative		usvalta	usvilta
allative		usvalle	usville
essive		usvana	usvina
translative		usvaksi	usviksi
abessive		usvatta	usvitta
instructive		—	usvin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of usva (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative usvani usvani accusative nom. usvani usvani gen. usvani genitive usvani usvieni usvaini rare partitive usvaani usviani inessive usvassani usvissani elative usvastani usvistani illative usvaani usviini adessive usvallani usvillani ablative usvaltani usviltani allative usvalleni usvilleni essive usvanani usvinani translative usvakseni usvikseni abessive usvattani usvittani instructive — — comitative — usvineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative usvasi usvasi accusative nom. usvasi usvasi gen. usvasi genitive usvasi usviesi usvaisi rare partitive usvaasi usviasi inessive usvassasi usvissasi elative usvastasi usvistasi illative usvaasi usviisi adessive usvallasi usvillasi ablative usvaltasi usviltasi allative usvallesi usvillesi essive usvanasi usvinasi translative usvaksesi usviksesi abessive usvattasi usvittasi instructive — — comitative — usvinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative usvamme usvamme accusative nom. usvamme usvamme gen. usvamme genitive usvamme usviemme usvaimme rare partitive usvaamme usviamme inessive usvassamme usvissamme elative usvastamme usvistamme illative usvaamme usviimme adessive usvallamme usvillamme ablative usvaltamme usviltamme allative usvallemme usvillemme essive usvanamme usvinamme translative usvaksemme usviksemme abessive usvattamme usvittamme instructive — — comitative — usvinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative usvanne usvanne accusative nom. usvanne usvanne gen. usvanne genitive usvanne usvienne usvainne rare partitive usvaanne usvianne inessive usvassanne usvissanne elative usvastanne usvistanne illative usvaanne usviinne adessive usvallanne usvillanne ablative usvaltanne usviltanne allative usvallenne usvillenne essive usvananne usvinanne translative usvaksenne usviksenne abessive usvattanne usvittanne instructive — — comitative — usvinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative usvansa usvansa accusative nom. usvansa usvansa gen. usvansa genitive usvansa usviensa usvainsa rare partitive usvaansa usviaan usviansa inessive usvassaan usvassansa usvissaan usvissansa elative usvastaan usvastansa usvistaan usvistansa illative usvaansa usviinsa adessive usvallaan usvallansa usvillaan usvillansa ablative usvaltaan usvaltansa usviltaan usviltansa allative usvalleen usvallensa usvilleen usvillensa essive usvanaan usvanansa usvinaan usvinansa translative usvakseen usvaksensa usvikseen usviksensa abessive usvattaan usvattansa usvittaan usvittansa instructive — — comitative — usvineen usvinensa

Synonyms

• sumu (see the usage notes)

Derived terms

• usvainen

Further reading

• “usva”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023

Anagrams

• savu, vasu