victima

See also: victimá, víctima, and victimă

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vik.ti.ma/

Verb

victima

1. third-person singular past historic of victimer

Latin

Alternative forms

• victuma

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to choose, separate out, set aside as holy, consecrate, sacrifice”), same source as Proto-Germanic *wīhą (“sacred place or thing”) (Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃 (weihs)) and English witch.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwɪk.tɪ.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈvik.ti.ma]

Noun

victima f (genitive victimae); first declension

1. sacrificial victim

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	victima	victimae
genitive	victimae	victimārum
dative	victimae	victimīs
accusative	victimam	victimās
ablative	victimā	victimīs
vocative	victima	victimae

Synonyms

• (victim): hostia

Derived terms

• victimārius
• victimō

Descendants

• Catalan: víctima
• French: victime
  • Romanian: victimă
• Friulian: vìtime
• Galician: vítima
• Italian: vittima
• → Middle French: victime
  • → English: victim
• Occitan: victima
• Portuguese: vítima
• Sicilian: vìttima
• Spanish: víctima
  • → Basque: biktima
  • → Cebuano: biktima
  • → Tagalog: biktima

References

• “victima”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “victima”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "victima", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “victima”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
    
  • to sacrifice human victims: pro victimis homines immolare
    
• “victima”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “victima”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “victima”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 675

Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin victima.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Noun

victima f (plural victimas)

1. victim

Spanish

Verb

victima

1. inflection of victimar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative