Fallsoonys

She eab dy hoiggal as taishbyney yn chruinney as beays fallsoonys ny fallsoonaght. T'eh cur geill da cooishyn myr beays, fys, firrinys, aalid, shickyrys, aigney as glare.^[1][2].

The Death of Socrates liorish Jacques-Louis David (1787). Ta'n caslys taishbyney Socrates er çhee iu aghaue.

Ta fallsoonys cur barrant er resoonaghey as obbyr oardreilagh.^[3]

Ta bun Shenn Ghreagish ec yn ockle: φιλοσοφία (philosophía), as y keeall "graih yn oayllys" echey^[4][5]. Cha nel eh aashagh baght reaghit er y fockle y chur, as ta eie eh hene ec dagh scoillar fallsoonys. Ta Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker er ngra: "Ta fallsoonys ny scoillaraght nagh nod oo loayrt er gyn jannoo eh dty hene."^[6].

Ard-vanglaneyn fallsoonys, t'ad resoon (studeyrys er smooinaghtyn dy resoonagh), moraltaght (studeyrys er ymmyrkey beasagh), as metafissig (studeyrys er bun veays as feerid).

Banglaneyn fallsoonys

Son y chooid smoo, t'ad goaill rish ny fir shoh myr banglaneyn smoo fallsoonys.

• Ta metafissig bentyn da dooghys beays as ny cruinney. T'eh goaill stiagh tuinney-oaylleeaght and ontoaylleeaght.
• Ta epistemoaylleeaght bentyn da dooghys as lheead oayllys, as my vel oayllys ayn ny dyn. Ta'n magher shoh goaill stiagh eddyr-obbraghey firrinys, credjue, and lowaltys eieyn.
• Ta moraltaght bentyn da ny lhisagh sleih jannoo, as my nod freggyrtyn erbee da'n chooish.
• Ta fallsoonys politickagh bentyn da studeyrys er reiltys, as eddyr-obbraghey persoonyn, possanyn, as yn ashoon. T'eh goaill stiagh cairys, leigh, cooid, as kiaryn as currymyn seyranee.
• Ta aesthetaght bentyn da aalid, ellyn, taitnys, tastid, as ennaghtaght.
• Ta resoon bentyn da coryssyn smooinaght ta leeideil veih bun fondagh dys briwnys firrinagh. Neayr's anmagh 'sy 19oo eash, ta maddaghteryrn (myr sampleyr, Frege) er nyannoo resoon rere saaseyn maddaghtoil. Ta daa rheynn mooar ec resoon jeianagh: resoonagh maddaghtoil (ny resoon cowreydagh formoil) as resoon fallsoonagh.
• Ta fallsoonys yn aigney bentyn da dooghys yn aigney as y kiangley eddyr ish as y corp. Ta kianglaghyn eddyr y vagher shoh as smooinaghtoaylleeaght.
• Ta fallsoonys glare bentyn da dooghys, bun as ymmyd ghlare.

Chammah's adsyn, ta fallsoonys er lheh ec y chooid smoo jeh magheryn ard-scoillaragh, myr sampleyr, fallsoonys oaylleeaght, fallsoonys hennaghys, ny fallsoonys vaddaght.