Cerium

Cerium (Hon-ngî: 鈰 shì) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Ce, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 58.

Cerium,  ₅₈Ce

ngoi-kôn
silvery white
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho	Cerium, Ce
ngoi-hìn	silvery white
Cerium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
– ↑ Ce ↓ Th lanthanum ← Cerium → praseodymium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú	58
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±)	140.116(1)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t	lanthanum-hi
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî	n/a, f-block
chû-khì	period 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t	[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2[2]
per shell	2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông	ku-thí
yùng-tiám	1068 K ​(795 °C, ​1463 °F)
pui-tiám	3716 K ​(3443 °C, ​6229 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn	6.770 g·cm−3
6.55 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t	5.46 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t	398 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong	26.94 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k chhai T (K) 1992 2194 2442 2754 3159 3705
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su	4, 3, 2, 1 ​(a mildly basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin	Pauling scale: 1.12
Thien-lì-nèn	1st: 534.4 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 1050 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 1949 kJ·mol−1 (more)
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang	empirical: 181.8 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang	204±9 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chho	​double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) β-Ce
Chîn-thí keu-chho	​face-centered cubic (fcc) γ-Ce
Sâng-suk thin rod	2100 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong	γ, poly: 6.3 µm·m−1·K−1 (at r.t.)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t	11.3 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t	β, poly: 828 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Chhṳ̀-sin	paramagnetic[3]
Young's modulus	γ form: 33.6 GPa
Shear modulus	γ form: 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	γ form: 21.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	γ form: 0.24
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	210–470 MPa
Brinell hardness	186–412 MPa
CAS Registry Number	7440-45-1
Le̍k-sú
Hí-miàng	after dwarf planet Ceres, itself named after Roman deity of agriculture Ceres
Fat-hien	Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolation	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1839)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Cerium ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 134Ce syn 3.16 d ε 0.500 134La 136Ce 0.185% >3.8×1016 y (β+β+) 2.419 136Ba 138Ce 0.251% >1.5×1014 y (β+β+) 0.694 138Ba 139Ce syn 137.640 d ε 0.278 139La 140Ce 88.450% – (SF) <43.633 141Ce syn 32.501 d β− 0.581 141Pr 142Ce 11.114% >5×1016 y (β−β−) 1.417 142Nd (α) 1.298 138Ba 144Ce syn 284.893 d β− 0.319 144Pr
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed