Colombia

Colombia, South America ke ek des hae. Ii South America ke North-West me hae aur iske area 1,141,748 km² (440,839 sq mi) hae. Ii khaali ek South American des hae jiske coast duuno Pacific Ocean aur Atlantic Ocean pe hae. Iske puura naam Spanish me República de Colombia hae (English: "Republic of Colombia").

Flag

Coat of arms

Republic of Colombia República de Colombia (Spanish)
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Colombia (dark green)
Capital and largest city	Bogotá 4°35′N 74°4′W
Official languages	Spanish
Recognized regional languages	Creole English (in San Andrés and Providencia)[1] 64 aur bhasa[a]
Ethnic groups (2018 census[2])	87.58% Mestizo-White[lower-alpha 1] 6.84% Afro-Colombians 4.31% Indigenous 0.05% Raizal 0.01% Palenquero 0.01% Romani 1.35% not stated
Religion (2022)[3]	70.2% Catholicism 16.8% other Christian 11.1% no religion 1.9% other
Demonym(s)	Colombian
Government	Unitary presidential republic
• President	Gustavo Petro
• Vice President	Francia Márquez
Legislature	Congress
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Representatives
Independence from Spain
• Declared	20 July 1810
• Recognized	7 August 1819
• Last unitisation	5 August 1886
• Secession of Panama	6 November 1903
• Current Constitution	4 July 1991
Area
• Total	Template:Convinfobox/prisec2 (25th)
• Water (%)	2.1 (as of 2015)[4]
Population
• 2024 estimate	Template:IncreaseNeutral 52,695,952[5] (27th)
• Density	Template:Convinfobox/prisec2 (174th)
GDP (PPP)	2024 estimate
• Total	▲ $1.042 trillion[6] (32nd)
• Per capita	▲ $19,770[6] (82nd)
GDP (nominal)	2024 estimate
• Total	▲ $386.076 billion[6] (46th)
• Per capita	▲ $7,327[6] (97th)
Gini (2022)	54.8[7] high inequality
HDI (2022)	▲ 0.758[8] high (91st)
Currency	Colombian peso (COP)
Time zone	UTC−5[b] (COT)
Date format	DMY
Driving side	right
Calling code	+57
ISO 3166 code	CO
Internet TLD	.co

Colombia ke east me Venezuela, south-east me Brazil, south me Peru, south-west me Ecuador aur west me Panama hae.

Naam

"Colombia" naam, Italian navigator Christopher Columbus ke aakhri naam se aais hae. Ii naam ke puura ""New World ke dewa gais rahaa.^[9] Ii naam ke 1819 me Republic of Colombia apnais rahaa, jon banaa rahaa puraana Viceroyalty of New Granada (modern-day Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador, and northwest Brazil) territories se.^[10]

Jab Venezuela, Ecuador, aur Cundinamarca ajaad bhais rahaa, tab pahile waala Department of Cundinamarca, "Republic of New Granada" ke naam ke adopt karis rahaa. 1858 me New Granada officially aapan naam ke badal ke Granadine Confederation karis. 1863 me ii naam ke fir se badal ke United States of Colombia kar dewa gais rahaa, aur aakhri me, 1886 me abhi ke naam – the Republic of Colombia – dewa gais rahaa.^[10]

Columbia ke sarkar ii des ke Colombia and República de Colombia bole hae.^[11]