Israel

Israel, Middle East ke ek des hai. Ii des ke jaada log Jewish hai lekin ek barraa , Arab minority bhi hai jon ki Muslims nai to Christians hai. Ii des ke 1917 ke Palestine Mandate se banaawa gais rahaa, jab ki League of Nations ii jagah ke British ke niche kar diis rahaa.

State of Israel מדינת ישראל (Medīnat (Y)isra'el) دولة إسرائيل (Dawlat Isrā'īl)
Jhanda Coat of arms
Des ke jaankari
Des ke motto:	--
National anthem:	Hatikvah
Log ke baare me
Official bhasa:	Hebrew, Arabic
Abaadi:
- Total:	7,005,400 (ranked 97)
- Density:	333 per km²
Jagha
country map Hian pe des ke dunia ke map me dekhawa jaawe hae.
Capital City:	Jerusalem
Sab se barraa City:	Jerusalem
Area
- Total:	20,770 (ranked 150)
- Water:	n/a km² (2%)
Politics / Government
Established:	14 May 1948
Leader:	President: Shimon Peres Prime Minister: Benjamin Netanyahu
Economy / Money
Paisa ke naam:	New Israeli sheqel (₪) (NIS)
International information
Time ke zone:	+2 (DST: +3)
Telephone ke dialing code:	+972
Internet domain:	.co.il

Israel Mediterranean Sea ke east me hai. Iske borde, north me Lebanon aur Syria se, east me Jordan se, aur southwest me Egypt se hai. Israel, Gaza Strip aur Bank Bank ke bhi control kare hai.^[1]

Itihaas

Israel me rahe waale pahila log Canaanite rahin. 3000 saal pahile Saul, David aur Solomon ke kingdom rahaa. Jab Romans log Jerusalem ke Temple (of King Solomon) ke barbaad kar diin rahaa tab jaada Jewish log ke duusra des me rahe ke parraa rahaa.

1880s me ek movement, jiske Zionism bola jaae hai, suruu bhais rahaa. Dunia bhar ke Jews log ii jagah me aae ke base lagin. Pahile ii jagha Turkey aur baad me British ke niche rahaa. World War II aur Holocaust me Europe ke 6 million Jews ke maut hoe gais.

Iske baad jaada number me Jews log Israel aawe lagin, khaas kar ke Europe aur Russia se aur ii logan huan ke Palestinian ke jamiin lae ke uu logan ke parrosi Arab des me khader diin.

14 May 1948, ke Israel (David Ben-Gurion ke niche) apne ke ajaad declare kar ke ek Jewish des banae liin. Bagal ke Arbii des ke sena Palestine ke invade karin aur pahila Arab-Israeli Larrai suruu bhais. Jab duuno pakchh ke biich me sanjhautaa bhais tab Israel ii jagha ke 77% ke control karis.^[2] Palestine ke jaada Arbii log ke huan se khader dewa gais aur jon thorra bache rahin, nawaa des ke ek minority ban gain. Baad ke decades me Muslim des se dher Jew log aae ke Israel me rahe lagin. 1967 ke Six-Day War ke baad Israel, West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights aur Sinai Peninsula ke aapan niche kar liis. 1973 ke Yom Kippir War ke baad Israel, Egypt aur Jordan ke saathe peace treaty sign karis.

Geography

Israel ke border ke dher des recognice nai kare hai aur iske khatir dher larrai bahis hai. Iske jamiin south me desert hai aur west me flat plain hai. Biich me pahaarr hai. Hian ke mausam jaada kar ke garam rahe hai, lekin north me temperate hai. Jerusalem sab se barraa city aur capital haiaur Tel Aviv ek aur barraa city hai.

Politics

Israel ek parliamentary democracy hai. Iske President, Shimon Peres aur Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu hai. Iske parliament ke Knesset bola jaae hai.

Israel ke Prime Minister ke suchi

1. David Ben-Gurion - 14 May 1948 - 7 December 1953
2. Moshe Sharett - 7 December 1953 - 3 November 1955
3. David Ben-Gurion - 3 November 1955 - 26 June 1963
4. Levi Eshkol - 26 June 1963 - 26 February 1969
5. Yigal Allon - 26 February 1969 - 17 March 1969
6. Golda Meir - 17 March 1969 - 3 June 1974
7. Yitzhak Rabin - 3 June 1974 - 20 June 1977
8. Menachem Begin - 20 June 1977 - 10 October 1983
9. Yitzhak Shamir - 10 October 1983 - 13 September 1984
10. Shimon Peres - 13 September 1984 - 20 October 1986
11. Yitzhak Shamir - 20 October 1986 - 13 July 1992
12. Yitzhak Rabin - 13 July 1992 - 4 November 1995
13. Shimon Peres - 4 November 1995 - 18 June 1996
14. Banjamin Netanyahu - 18 June 1996 - 6 June 1999
15. Ehud Barak - 6 June 1999 - 7 March 2001
16. Ariel Sharon - 7 March 2001 - 14 April 2006
17. Ehud Olmert - 14 April 2006 - 31 March 2009
18. Banjamin Netanyahu - 31 March 2009 - 13 June 2021
19. Naftali Bennet - 13 June 2021 - 30 June 2022
20. Yesh Atid - 1 July 2022 - 29 December 2022
21. Banjamin Netanyahu - 29 December 2022 - incumbent

Administrative hissa

Israel ke districts, subdistricts aur Natural Regions, 2018

Israel ke chhe adminitrative jila hae; Center, Haifa, Jeruslam, North, South aur Tel Aviv. Iske alaawa West Bank me Judea aur Samaira bhi hae.

Jila	Rajdhani	Sab se barraa city	Population, 2021[3]
			Yahudi	Arbii	Kul jorr	note
Jerusalem	Jerusalem		66%	32%	1,209,700	a
North	Nof HaGalil	Nazareth	42%	54%	1,513,600
Haifa	Haifa		67%	25%	1,092,700
Center	Ramla	Rishon LeZion	87%	8%	2,304,300
Tel Aviv	Tel Aviv		92%	2%	1,481,400
South	Beersheba	Ashdod	71%	22%	1,386,000
Judea aur Samaria Area	Ariel	Modi'in Illit	98%	0%	465,400	b

Chapa ke gallery

• 
  Israel Independence declare kare hai
• 
  Central Judea ke pahaarr
• 
  Knesset, Parliament
• 
  Institue of Science
• 
  Solar energy centre
• 
  Western Wall aur Dome of the Rock
• 
  Football Stadium
• 
  Jerusalem
• 
  Dome of the Rock
• 
  Tel Aviv Beach
• 
  Haifa
• 
  Acre
• 
  Khan al-Umdan
• 
  Nazareth
• 
  Eilat
• 
  Negev
• 
  Dead Sea
• 
  Masada
• 
  Ein Gedi
• 
  Natural arch in the Galilee
• 
  Lemon Orchard in the Galilee
• 
  Montfort Castle
• 
  Mount Hermon