Acido ribonucleic

Acido ribonucleic (ARN o RNA) es un acido nucleic. Isto significa que ille consiste de un catena longe de unitates de nucleotide. Un nucleotide consiste de un basse nitrogenous nominate nucleobasse, un saccharo/sucre de ribose, e un phosphate. ARN es multo similarte con le ADN, ma ha differencias in alicun/pauc importante detailes de structura: in le cellula, ARN es monocatenari (consiste de un filo), durante que ADN es bicatenari; ARN nucleotides contine ribose durante que ADN contine deoxyribose (un typo de ribose ommite uno atomo de oxygeno); e ARN ha le base de uracil e non de thymine que es presente in ADN.

Acido ribonucleic
instantia de: structural class of chemical entities[*]
subclasse de: nucleic acids[*], biopolymer[*], gene product[*], polyribonucleotide[*]
parte de: RNA binding[*], RNA catabolic process[*], RNA metabolic process[*], RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis[*], RNA transport[*], RNA transmembrane transporter activity[*], protein-DNA-RNA complex[*], ribosoma, ribonucleoprotein granule[*], protein-lipid-RNA complex[*], HDL-containing protein-lipid-RNA complex[*], LDL-containing protein-lipid-RNA complex[*], ribonucleoprotein complex[*], RNA import into nucleus[*], RNA export from nucleus[*], RNA import into mitochondrion[*], gene silencing[*], RNA biosynthetic process[*], ATP-dependent activity, acting on RNA[*], catalytic activity, acting on RNA[*]
Commons: RNA

Structura

Watson-Crick base pairs in a siRNA (hydrogen atoms are not shown)

Cate nucleotide in ARN contine un saccharo/sucre de ribose, con carbones numerotate 1' a 5'. Le bases pote formar ligamines de hydrogeno inter cytosine e guanine, inter adenine e uracil e inter guanine e uracil. ligamines de hydrogeno^[1] Altere interactiones es possibile^[2]

Secondary structure of a telomerase RNA

Mg^2+[3]

Comparition con ADN

ARN e ADN e differite in 3 characteristicas principal.

The 50S ribosomal subunit. RNA is in orange, protein in blue. The active site is in the middle (red).

Typos de ARN

Patrono:Seealso

Structure of a hammerhead ribozyme, a ribozyme that cuts RNA

Historia de discoperta

Le acidos nucleic esseva discoperta in 1868 de Friedrich Miescher, que nominate le material 'nuclein' proque ille esseva trovate in le nucleus.^[4] Le cellules prokaryotic que non ha un nucleus, contine acidos nucleic, es un discoperta tarde. Le role de ARN in le synthese del protein esseva suspectate in 1939.^[5] Severo Ochoa ha ganiate le Premio Nobel in medicina in 1959 dupo illo ha discoperta como ARN es synthesite.^[6]

Vide etiam

• Genetica
• Biologia molecular
• Phosphoramidite