Karl Marx
German ọkà ihe ọmụma (1818-1883) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Karl Marx ( <German: [ ma'ks ]/link> ; 5 Mee 1818 - 14 Ma ọchịchị 1883) bụ onye ọkà ihe enyemaka, onye akụ na-ahụ, onye ike ike, onye nchoputa ihe mere eme, ọkà ihe nsogbu na-akpata eze, onye nta, na onye na-ahụ maka odi . Ụbọchị ya kacha mara amara bụ akwụkwọ nta nke 1848 The Communist Manifesto (ya na Friedrich Engels ) na Das Kapital dị mfe atọ.</link> (1867–1894); nke ikpeazụ na-eji ụzọ ya dị oke egwu ịhụ ihe mmetụta n'anya ihe mere eme na achọpụta nke ikeketeke na njedebe nke mbọ isi ya. Echiche na echiche nke Marx na nwa ha sochirinụ, nke a na-akpọkarị Marxism, imela nnukwu ihe na-agụsị isi, akụ na ngwaọrụ na-eji ngwaọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ.
Amụrụ na Trier na ala eze Prussia, Marx akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na mahadum Bonn, Berlin na Jena, wee nweta nzere doctorate na nkà ihe site na nke ikpeazụ na 1841. Hegelian na-eto eto, nkà ihe ọmụmụ Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel , ma ha abụọ katọrọ ma echiche echiche Hegel n'ọnụ ndị dị ka The German Ideology (dere 1846) na Grundrisse (dere 1857-1858). Mgbe ọ nọ na Paris na 1844, Marx dere akwụkwọ edemede Economic and Philosophic ya wee zute Engels, enyi na onye na-emekọ ihe ọnụ. Mgbe ha kwagara Brussels na 1845, ha nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọrụ Kọmunist, na 1848 wee dee akwụkwọ akụkọ Communist Manifesto, bụ nke na-amụ echiche Marx ma wepụta mmemme maka mmepụta. Achụpụrụ Marx na Belgium na Germany, na 1849 kwagara London, bụ ebe o dere Brumaire nke iri na ọrụ nke Louis Bonaparte (1852) na Das Kapital</link> . Na 1864, Marx akụkụ aka nke International Workingmen's Association (First International), bụ nke ọ na-alụso ire nke anarchists nke Mikhail Bakunin duziri. Na Critique of the Gotha Program (1875), Marx dere na iwu, steeti na iwu na Kọmunist. Ọ nwụrụ na- ike obodo na 1883 wee lie ya na Highgate Cemetery .
[6]Nkatọ Marx pasta ntolite, ọha mmadụ na akụ na-ahụ ike Soviet na ndị mmadụ na-etolite site na ndị klaasị . Na usoro iwu nke capitalist, nke a na- jerin onwe ya na ndị dị n'etiti ndị na-achị achị (nke a maara dị ka bourgeoisie ) nke na-achịkwa ụzọ ihe na ndị na-arụ ọrụ (nke a maara dị ka bourgeoisie ) ka proletariat ) nke na-eme ka ụzọ ndị a site n'ịre ike ọrụ ha na nloghachi. maka ọrụ. N'iji usoro ihe gbasara ihe ike n'eme ihe, Marx buru ihe na ike ike na-ahụ nri dị n'ime dị ka usoro akụ na mụrụ gara aga nakwa na ndu ndị a ga-eduga ná onwe ya onwe ya. na ngbanwe site na usoro a maara dị ka ụzọ nke socialist . Maka Marx, klaas antagonisms n'okpuru ikeketeorie-n'ihi na ụgwọ ya akwusighi ike na nsogbu -prone nke-ga-eme ka ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-abụ nke klaas ns ahụ, na-eduga na ha mmeri nke Christer ike ike na n'ikpeazụ guzosie ike klaasị, Communist ọha mmadụ eso a. free ibu nke ndị na-ahụ . [1] Marx rụsiri ọrụ ike maka mmebe ụka ya, na-arụ na ndị otu na-arụ ọrụ ime usoro ewepụ ahaziri hazi iji kwatuo ikekete ego wee weta akwụkwọ onwe onye na eze.
[1]A kọwawo Marx dị ka otu n'ime ndị nwere ike nwee ike n'ihi ihe mere eme nke mmadụ, a na-etokwa ọrụ ya ma katọọ ya . Marxism akpalitela dị ukwuu na echiche socialist na ike-Sopọrọ, na n'ime nhọrọ afụ nke 20, mgbatị ọkụ na-ama dị ka Marxist weghaara ihe n'ọtụtụ mba wee guzobe steeti socialist Soviet Union na Republic of China . E Jeela ọtụtụ usoro iwu dị ka Leninism, Marxism–Leninism, Trotskyism, na Maoism. Ụbọchị Marx na na-enwe ike siri ike na echiche heterodox ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ọrụ yana njikọ ya na isi obodo, [1] [2] [3] na a na-akpọ ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị isi na-ese emetụta ọgbara ọhụrụ. [2]