Netluætt (fræðiheiti: Urticaceae) er ætt blómstrandi plantna. Ættarheitið kemur frá ættkvíslinni Urtica. Margar tegundir netluættar hafa verið nýttar vegna trefjanna, þar á meðal netlur Urtica, Boehmeria nivea, Pipturus albidus og Debregeasia saeneb.
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Loka
Til ættarinnar teljast um 2625 tegundir í 53 ættkvíslum samkvæmt Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew og Christenhusz og Byng (2016).[2] Stærsta ættkvíslin er Pilea (500 til 715 tegundir), Elatostema (300 tegundir), Urtica (80 tegundir), og Cecropia (75 tegundir). Cecropia er með margar myrmecophyte ("mauraplöntur", sem eru í sambýli við maura).[3]
Ættartré samkvæmt nýjustu erfðagreiningum:[4][5] (sjá einnig [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15])
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Moraceae (outgroup) |
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Urticaceae |
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Urticeae |
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Laportea |
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Touchardia |
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Urera (hluti) |
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Poikilospermum |
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Nanocnide |
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Urtica (ásamt Hesperocnide) |
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Elatostemateae |
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Myriocarpa + Gyrotaenia |
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Lecanthus |
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Pilea (ásamt Sarcopilea) |
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Cecropieae |
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Boehmerieae |
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Oreocnide |
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Phenax |
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Chamabainia |
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Pouzolzia (hluti) |
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Neraudia |
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Pipturus (ásamt Nothocnide) |
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Boehmeria (hluti) |
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Debregeasia |
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Astrothalamus |
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Archiboehmeria |
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Boehmeria (hluti) |
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Sarcochlamys |
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Forsskaoleeae |
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Forsskaolea |
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Didymodoxa |
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Droguetia (ásamt Australina) |
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Parietarieae |
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Undirættir og ættkvíslir
- Boehmerieae Gaudich. 1830
- Archiboehmeria C.J. Chen 1980 (1 sp.)
- Astrothalamus C.B. Rob. 1911 (1 sp.)
- Boehmeria Jacq. 1760 (80 spp.)
- Chamabainia Wight 1853 (1–2 spp.)
- Cypholophus Wedd. 1854 (15 spp.)
- Debregeasia Gaudich. 1844 (4 spp.)
- Gibbsia Rendle 1917 (2 spp.)
- Gonostegia Turcz. 1846 (5 spp.)
- Hemistylus Benth. 1843 (4 spp.)
- Neodistemon Babu & A. N. Henry 1970 (1 sp.)
- Neraudia Gaudich. 1830 (5 spp.)
- Nothocnide Blume 1856 (4 spp.)
- Oreocnide Miq. 1851 (15 spp.)
- Phenax Wedd. 1854 (12 spp.)
- Pipturus Wedd. 1854 (30 spp.)
- Pouzolzia Gaudich. 1826 [1830] (70 spp.)
- Rousselia Gaudich. 1826 [1830] (3 spp.)
- Sarcochlamys Gaudich. 1844 (1 sp.)
- Cecropieae Gaudich. 1830
- Cecropia Loefl. 1758 (70–80 spp.)
- Coussapoa Aubl. 1775 (>50 spp.)
- Leucosyke Zoll. & Moritzi 1845 (35 spp.)
- Maoutia Wedd. 1854 (15 spp.)
- Musanga R. Br. in Tuckey 1818 (2 spp.)
- Myrianthus P. Beauv. 1804 [1805] (7 spp.)
- Pourouma Aubl. 1775 (>50 spp.)
- Elatostemateae Gaudich. 1830
- Aboriella Bennet (1 sp.)
- Achudemia Blume 1856
- Elatostema J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. 1775 (300 spp.)
- Gyrotaenia Griseb. 1861 (4 spp.)
- Lecanthus Wedd. 1854 (1 sp.)
- Meniscogyne Gagnep. 1928 (2 spp.)
- Myriocarpa Benth. 1844 [1846] (18 spp.)
- Pellionia Gaudich. 1826 (60 spp.)
- Petelotiella Gagnep. in Lecomte 1929 (1 spp.)
- Pilea Lindl. 1821 (250 spp.)
- Procris Comm. ex Juss. 1789 (20 spp.)
- Sarcopilea Urb. 1912 (1 sp.)
- Forsskaoleeae Gaudich. 1830
- Australina Gaudich. 1830 (2 spp.)
- Didymodoxa E. Mey. ex Wedd. 1857 (2 spp.)
- Droguetia Gaudich. 1830 (7 spp.)
- Forsskaolea L. 1764 (6 spp.)
- Parietarieae Gaudich. 1830
- Gesnouinia Gaudich. 1830 (2 spp.)
- Parietaria L. 1753 (20 spp.)
- Soleirolia Gaudich. 1830 (1 sp.)
- Urticeae Lamarck & DC. 1806
- Dendrocnide Miq. 1851 (27 spp.)
- Discocnide Chew 1965 (1 sp.)
- Girardinia Gaudich. 1830 (2 spp.)
- Hesperocnide Torr. 1857 (2 spp.)
- Laportea Gaudich. 1826 [1830] (21 spp.)
- Nanocnide Blume 1856 (2 spp.)
- Obetia Gaudich. 1844 (7 spp.)
- Poikilospermum Zipp. ex Miq. 1864 (20 spp.)
- Touchardia Gaudich. 1847 (1–2 spp.)
- Urera Gaudich. 1826 [1830] (35 spp.)
- Urtica L. 1753—nettle (80 spp.)
- Zhengyia T. Deng, D.G. Zhang & H. Sun 2013 (1 sp.)[16]
- Incertae sedis
- Metatrophis F. Br. 1935 (1 sp.)
Pilea cadierei
Pilea pumila
Dendrocnide sp.
Elatostema umbellatum
Urtica dioica
Boehmeria nivea
Parietaria judaica
Urtica dioica
Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (17. janúar 2003). „Family: Urticaceae Juss., nom. cons“. Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 12. október 2008. Sótt 24. apríl 2008. Chomicki G, Renner SS. (2015). „Phylogenetics and molecular clocks reveal the repeated evolution of ant-plants after the late Miocene in Africa and the early Miocene in Australasia and the Neotropics“. New Phytologist. 207 (2): 411–424. doi:10.1111/nph.13271. PMID 25616013. Sytsma KJ, Morawetz J, Pires C, Nepokroeff M, Conti E, Zjhra M, Hall JC, Chase MW. (2002). „Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL–F, and ndhF sequences“ (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 89 (9): 1531–1546. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.9.1531. PMID 21665755.