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独立宣言
政体により発せられた独立および建国の宣言 ウィキペディアから
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独立宣言(どくりつせんげん、英: declaration of independence)は、特定の地域において政体により発せられた独立および建国の宣言である。通常、こうした地域は他の国あるいは失敗国家の全域あるいは一部、もしくはより大きい国から分離した地域である。
2010年、国際連合の国際司法裁判所が「国際法に独立宣言を禁じる規定はない」とするコソボ独立宣言に対する勧告的意見を発したが、分離を望む地域からの宣言は反乱の宣言と見なされ、危機を解決するために独立戦争あるいは憲法的な和解につながる可能性がある。
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注釈
- No reference in original Albanian text to the declaration being the work of the Assembly of Kosovo. The language used in the declaration differs from that employed in acts of the Assembly of Kosovo in that the first paragraph commences with the phrase "We, the democratically-elected leaders of our people . . .", whereas acts of the Assembly of Kosovo employ the third person singular. Moreover, the procedure employed in relation to the declaration differed from that employed by the Assembly of Kosovo for the adoption of legislation. It was not transmitted to the Special Representative of the Secretary General and was not published in the Official Gazette of the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo. As the practice shows, he would have been under a duty to take action with regard to acts of the Assembly of Kosovo which he considered to be ultra vires. Taking all factors together, the authors of the declaration of independence of 17 February 2008 did not act as one of the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government within the Constitutional Framework, but rather as persons who acted together in their capacity as representatives of the people of Kosovo outside the framework of the interim administration.
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