![Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Zinc_fragment_sublimed_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/220px-Zinc_fragment_sublimed_and_1cm3_cube.jpg) |
Zinc |
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Appearance | siller-gray |
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Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Zn) | 7001653800000000000♠65.38(2)[1] |
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Zinc in the periodic cairt |
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Atomic nummer (Z) | 30 |
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Group | group 12 |
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Period | period 4 |
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Block | d-block |
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Element category | Post-transeetion metal |
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Electron confeeguration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 2 |
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Pheesical properties |
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Phase at STP | solit |
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Meltin pynt | 692.68 K (419.53 °C, 787.15 °F) |
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Bylin pynt | 1180 K (907 °C, 1665 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 7.14 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 6.57 g/cm3 |
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Heat o fusion | 7.32 kJ/mol |
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Heat o vapourisation | 123.6 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 25.470 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapour pressur
P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
at T (K) |
610 |
670 |
750 |
852 |
990 |
1179 |
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | −2, 0, +1, +2 (an amphoteric oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.65 |
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Ionisation energies | |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 134 pm |
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Covalent radius | 122±4 pm |
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Van der Waals radius | 139 pm |
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Colour lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines o zinc |
Ither properties |
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Naitural occurrence | primordial |
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Creestal structur | hexagonal close-packed (hcp) |
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Speed o soond thin rod | (rolled) 3850 m/s (at r.t.) |
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Thermal expansion | 30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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Thermal conductivity | 116 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | 59.0 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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Magnetic orderin | diamagnetic |
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Young's modulus | 108 GPa |
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Shear modulus | 43 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 70 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | 0.25 |
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Mohs haurdness | 2.5 |
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Brinell haurdness | 412 MPa |
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CAS Nummer | 7440-66-6 |
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History |
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Diskivery | Indian metallurgists (before 1000 BC) |
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First isolation | Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746) |
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Recognized as a unique metal bi | Rasaratna Samuccaya (800) |
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Main isotopes o zinc |
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Isotope |
Abundance |
Hauf-life (t1/2) |
Decay mode |
Product |
64Zn |
48.6% |
>2.3×1018 y |
(β+β+) |
64Ni |
65Zn |
syn |
243.8 d |
ε |
65Cu |
γ |
- |
66Zn |
27.9% |
stable |
67Zn |
4.1% |
stable |
68Zn |
18.8% |
stable |
69Zn |
syn |
56 min |
β− |
69Ga |
69mZn |
syn |
13.76 h |
β− |
69Ga |
70Zn |
0.6% |
>1.3×1016 y |
(β−β−) |
70Ge |
71Zn |
syn |
2.4 min |
β− |
71Ga |
71mZn |
syn |
3.97 d |
β− |
71Ga |
72Zn |
syn |
46.5 h |
β− |
72Ga |
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Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed |
| references |