Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl o Avon, KG, MC, PC (12 Juin 1897 – 14 Januar 1977) wis a Breetish Conservative politeecian who served three periods as Foreign Secretar an then a relatively brief term as Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick frae 1955 tae 1957.
Quick facts Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick, Monarch ...
The Richt Honourable
The Earl o Avon
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| Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick |
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In office
6 Aprile 1955 – 10 Januar 1957 |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
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| Precedit bi | Sir Winston Churchill |
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| Succeedit bi | Harold Macmillan |
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| Depute Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick |
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In office
26 October 1951 – 6 Aprile 1955 |
| Prime Meenister | Sir Winston Churchill |
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| Precedit bi | Herbert Morrison |
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| Succeedit bi | Rab Butler[a] |
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| Leader o the Conservative Pairty |
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In office
6 Aprile 1955 – 10 Januar 1957 |
| Precedit bi | Sir Winston Churchill |
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| Succeedit bi | Harold Macmillan |
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| Secretar o State for Foreign Affairs |
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In office
28 October 1951 – 7 April 1955 |
| Prime Meenister | Sir Winston Churchill |
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| Precedit bi | Herbert Morrison |
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| Succeedit bi | Harold Macmillan |
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In office
22 December 1940 – 26 Julie 1945 |
| Prime Meenister | Winston Churchill |
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| Precedit bi | The Viscount Halifax |
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| Succeedit bi | Ernest Bevin |
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In office
22 December 1935 – 20 Februar 1938 |
| Prime Meenister | |
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| Precedit bi | Sir Samuel Hoare, Bt |
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| Succeedit bi | The Viscoont Halifax |
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| Leader o the Hoose o Commons |
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In office
22 Februar 1942 – 26 Julie 1945 |
| Prime Meenister | Winston Churchill |
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| Precedit bi | Sir Stafford Cripps |
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| Succeedit bi | Herbert Morrison |
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| Secretar o State for War |
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In office
11 Mey 1940 – 22 December 1940 |
| Prime Meenister | Winston Churchill |
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| Precedit bi | Oliver Stanley |
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| Succeedit bi | David Margesson |
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| Secretar o State for Dominion Affairs |
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In office
3 September 1939 – 14 Mey 1940 |
| Prime Meenister | Neville Chamberlain
Winston Churchill |
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| Precedit bi | Sir Thomas Inskip |
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| Succeedit bi | The Viscount Caldecote |
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| Laird Privy Seal |
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In office
Juin 1934 – 7 Juin 1935 |
| Prime Meenister | Ramsay MacDonald |
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| Precedit bi | Stanley Baldwin |
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| Succeedit bi | The Marquess o Londonderry |
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Member o Pairlament
for Warwick an Leamington |
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In office
6 December 1923 – 10 Januar 1957 |
| Precedit bi | Ernest Pollock |
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| Succeedit bi | John Hobson |
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| Personal details |
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| Born | Robert Anthony Eden
12 Juin 1897(1897-06-12)
Windlestone Haw,
Coonty Durham, Ingland |
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| Dee'd | 14 Januar 1977(1977-01-14) (aged 79)
Alvediston, Salisbury, Wiltshire, Ingland |
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| Restin place | Kirkyard o St Mary's, Alvediston |
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| Naitionality | Breetish |
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| Poleetical pairty | Conservative |
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| Spoose(s) | - Beatrice Beckett
(m. 1923; div. 1950) - Clarissa Spencer-Churchill
(m. 1952; his daith 1977)
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| Bairns | |
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| Alma mater | Christ Kirk, Oxford |
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| Profession | Member o Pairlament |
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| Religion | Anglican |
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| Militar service |
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| Allegiance | Unitit Kinrick |
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| Service/brainch | Breetish Airmy |
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| Years o service | 1914–1918, 1939[1] |
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| Rank | Major |
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| Unit | Keeng's Ryal Rifle Corps |
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| Battles/wars | Warld War I |
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| Awairds | Militar Cross |
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| a. ^ Office vacant frae 6 Aprile 1955 tae 13 Julie 1962. |
Close
Achievin rapid promotion as a young Member o Pairlament, he becam Furrin Secretar aged 38, afore resignin in protest at Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy taewart Mussolini's Italy.[2][3] He again held that poseetion for maist o the Seicont Warld War, an a third time in the early 1950s. Haein been depute tae Winston Churchill for awmaist 15 years, he succeedit him as the leader o the Conservative Pairty an prime meenister in Apryle 1955, an a month later wan a general election.
Eden's warldwide reputation as an opponent o appeasement, a "man o peace", an a skilled diplomat wis owershaidaed in 1956 whan the Unitit States refuised tae support the Anglo-French militar response tae the Suez Creesis, that creetics athort pairty lines regairdit as an historic setback for Breetish foreign policy, seegnallin the end o Breetish predominance in the Middle East.[4] Maist historians argie that he made a series o blunners, espeicially nae realisin the deepth o American opposeetion tae militar action.[5] Twa month efter orderin an end tae the Suez operation, he resigned as prime meenister on grunds o ill heal an acause he wis widely suspectit o haein misled the Hoose o Commons ower the degree o collusion wi Fraunce an Israel.[6]
Eden is generally rankit amang the least successfu Breetish prime meenisters o the 20t century,[7] awtho twa braidly sympathetic biografies (in 1986 an 2003) hae gane some wey tae shiftin the balance o opeenion.[8] Biografer D. R. Thorpe descrived the Suez Creesis as "a truly tragic end tae his premiership, an ane that came tae assume a disproportionate importance in ony assessment o his career."[9]
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