Chernihiv Oblast
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Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, translit. Chernihivs’ka oblast’; referred tae as Chernihivshchyna - Ukrainian: Чернігівщина) an aw, is an oblast (province) o northren Ukraine. The administrative centre o the oblast is the ceety o Chernihiv.
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Geography
The tot aurie o the province is aroond 31,900 km².
The oblast is bordered on the wast bi the Kiev Reservoir o the Dnieper River an Kiev Oblast, bi the Sumy Oblast tae the east, an the Poltava Oblast tae the sooth. The northren border o the oblast is pairt o Ukraine's internaitional border abuttin Belaroushie's Gomel Region in the northwast an the Roushie Bryansk Oblast in the northeast, respectively.
The oblast is bisectit intae northren an soothren sections bi the Desna River, which enters the Dnieper juist north o the Kiev ceety leemits.
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History
The Chernihiv Oblast wis creatit as pairt o the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on October 15, 1932.
The caipital ceety o Chernihiv haes kent human settlement for ower 2,000 years, accordin tae airchaeological excavations. The Chernihiv Oblast comprises a vera important historical region, notable as early as the Kievan Rus' period, when the ceeties o Chernihiv an Novhorod-Siverskyi wur frequently mentioned. The ceety o Chernihiv wis the seicont maist important Ukrainian ceety durin the Rus' period o Ukrainian history, aften servin as a major regional caipital. Danylo o Chernihiv wrote o his pilgrimage tae Jerusalem durin this era. The numerous airchitectural monuments o the ceety bear witness tae the invasions suffered, includin those bi the Tatars/Mongols, Lithuanies, Poles, Roushies, an Nazis. On the territory o the region teuk place numerous tragic events sic as Battle o Kruty, Tragedy of Kryukivka, an mony ithers.
The oblast is locatit in the historic region o Polesie (Ukrainian: Полісся, translit. Polissia).
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Admeenistrative subdiveesions
The follaein data incorporates the nummer o each type o admeenistrative diveesions o the Chernihiv Oblast:
- Admeenistrative Center - 1 (Chernihiv)
- Raions — 22;
- Ceety raions — 3 (includin the Oblast's admeenistrative centre);
- Settlements — 1534, includin:
- Veelages — 1489;
- Ceeties/Touns — 45, includin:
- Urban-type settlement — 30;
- Ceeties — 15, includin:
- Ceeties o oblast' subordinance — 3;
- Ceeties o raion subordinance — 12;
- Selsovets — 525.
The local admeenistration o the oblast' is controlled bi the Chernihiv Oblast Rada. The govrenor o the oblast' is the Chernihiv Oblast Rada speaker, appointit bi the Preses o Ukraine.
Important ceeties
Important ceeties an historical settlements o the Chernihiv Oblast include:
- Bakhmach
- Borzna (historical ceety)
- Chernihiv (caipital ceety)
- Kozelets (historical ceety)
- Liubech (historical ceety)
- Nizhyn (important cultural an industrial centre)
- Novhorod-Siversky (historical ceety)
- Pryluky (important industrial centre an major Air Force base)
Raions
The raions (destricts) o the Chernihiv Oblast include:
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The Slavutych municipality is locatit in Chernihiv Oblast on the eastren bank o the Dnieper, but offeecially belangs tae Kiev Oblast (bein an admeenistrative exclave).
Demographics
The current estimatit population o the oblast is aroond 1,156,609 (as o 2006).
The population o the oblast is predominantly Ukrainian, wi minority Belaroushie an Roushie populations concentratit in the northren destricts.
The province haes experiencit lang-term population decline. The population haes fawen 23% frae the 1959 figur o 1,554,000, the steepest decline o ony Ukrainian oblast. It haes the lawest population density in the kintra.
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Economy
Industry
The economy o the Chernihiv Oblast maistly deals wi petroleum an natural gas extraction, transport, machinery, tobacco an textile industry. A major tobacco factory is situatit in Pryluky. The ceeties o Bakhmach an Nizhyn are the important railwey junctions on the route frae Roushie an Belaroushie tae Sootheastren Europe. Thare are notable machinery an electronics industries in Chernihiv. Chernihiv haes a beer brewery producin beer unner the name "Chernihivske" an aw.
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Releegion
The releegion amang believers in the oblast is owerwhelmingly Eastren Orthodox. A substantial percentage o the population is atheist. Sma minorities o Ukrainian Catholics, Roman Catholics (includin the descendants o earlier Pols colonists), an recent converts tae Protestantism are present an aw.
Cultur an tourist attractions
Thare are few ootstaundin historical Orthodox kirks an biggins in Chernihiv, Novhorod-Siverskyi, Liubech, Nizhyn (Nezhyn) an Koselets' (an ceety o Auncient Rus', aulder than Kiev). Nizhyn is a historical Kozak ceety an hame tae a university.
- Antoniyev caverns
- Saviour's Transfiguration Cathedral
- Hustynskyi monastery
- Knyazhyi hrad
Nomenclatur
Maist o Ukraine's oblasts are namit efter thair caipital ceeties, offeecially referred tae as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name o each oblast is a relative adjective, formit bi addin a feminine suffix tae the name o respective centre ceety: Chernihiv is the centre o the Chernihivs’ka oblast’ (Chernihiv Oblast). Maist oblasts are an aw whiles referred tae in a feminine noun form, follaein the convention o traditional regional place names, endin wi the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case wi the Chernihiv Oblast, Chernihivshchyna.
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See an aw
- Subdiveesions o Ukraine
- Chernigov Govrenorate
References
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