Federal subjects of Russia

සැකිල්ල:Politics of Russia

Russia is a federation which consists of 83 subjects.^[1] These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia). However, they do differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy. Autonomous okrugs, while federal subjects in their own right, are, at the same time, considered to be administrative divisions of other federal subjects (with Chukotka Autonomous Okrug being the only exception).

Types of federal subjects of Russia

Federal subjects of Russia

Each subject of the federation belongs to one of the following categories:

	21 republics (республики, sing. республика; respubliki, sing. respublika)—nominally autonomous, each has its own constitution, president and parliament; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; and is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority.
	46 oblasts (provinces) (области, sing. область; oblasti, sing. oblast)—most common, regular administrative units with federally appointed governor and locally elected legislature. Commonly named after the oblast center—the largest city in the oblast, its administrative center.
	9 krais (territories) (края, sing. край; kraya, sing. krai or kray, the latter being less common)—essentially the same as oblasts. The title "territory" is historic, originally given because they were once considered frontier regions.
	1 autonomous oblast (autonomous province) (автономная область; avtonomnaya oblast) (The Jewish Autonomous Oblast)
	4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) (автономные округа, sing. автономный округ; avtonomnyye okruga, sing. avtonomny okrug)—more autonomous than oblasts but less than republics; usually with substantial or predominant ethnic minority.
	2 federal cities (cities under direct jurisdiction of the Federation) (федеральные города, sing. федеральный город; federalnyye goroda, sing. federalny gorod)—major cities that function as separate regions.

List of federal subjects

The subjects have both numerical codes and two- or three-letter ISO 3166-2:RU codes. The numerical codes span from 01 to 89, although 6 of them are no longer in use after mergers. සැකිල්ල:List of federal subjects of Russia

Mergers

Federal subjects of the Russian Federation

Plans existed to merge some of the federal subjects into larger territories, which started in December 2005. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008.

Proposals	Date of referendum	Date of merger	Merger
1, 1a	December 7, 2003	December 1, 2005	Perm Oblast + Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug → Perm Krai
2, 2a, 2b	April 17, 2005	January 1, 2007	Krasnoyarsk Krai + Evenk Autonomous Okrug + Taymyr Autonomous Okrug → Krasnoyarsk Krai
3, 3a	October 23, 2005	July 1, 2007	Kamchatka Oblast + Koryak Autonomous Okrug → Kamchatka Krai
4, 4a	April 16, 2006	January 1, 2008	Irkutsk Oblast + Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Irkutsk Oblast
5, 5a	March 11, 2007	March 1, 2008	Chita Oblast + Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Zabaykalsky Krai

Further proposals for mergers

Proposals	Federal subjects	Map
6, 6a	Arkhangelsk Oblast Nenets Autonomous Okrug = Pomorsky Krai 1 September 09
7, 7a, 7b	Khabarovsk Krai + Jewish Autonomous Oblast + Amur Oblast = Amur Krai
8, 8a	Magadan Oblast + Chukotka Autonomous Okrug = Magadan Krai
9, 9a, 9b	Irkutsk Oblast + Buryatia Republic + Zabaykalsky Krai = Baikal Krai
10, 10a, 10b	Tyumen Oblast + Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug + Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug = Tyumen Krai
11, 11a, 11b	Novosibirsk Oblast + Omsk Oblast + Tomsk Oblast = Novosibirsk Krai
12, 12a, 12b	Kemerovo Oblast + Altai Republic + Altai Krai = Altai Krai
13	Saint Petersburg (federal city) + Leningrad Oblast = Leningrad Oblast
14	Moscow (federal city) + Moscow Oblast = Moscow Oblast
15, 15a	Yaroslavl Oblast + Kostroma Oblast = Yaroslav Krai
16, 16a	Novgorod Oblast + Pskov Oblast = Novgorod Krai
17, 17a	Krasnodar Krai + Adygea Republic = Krasnodar Krai
18, 18a	Ingushetia Republic + Chechnya Republic = Wainach Republic
*	Pomorsky + Murmansk Oblast + Komi Republic = ???????

See also

• Subdivisions of Russia
• Federal districts of Russia
• Economic regions of Russia
• History of the administrative division of Russia
• Flags of federal subjects of Russia
• List of heads of federal subjects of Russia