Ali

Ali ibn Abi Talib (‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib) (علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب) (Approximately March 17, 599 – January 28, 661)^[1] was an early Islamic leader. He was the fourth Sunni caliph and the first Shia Imam.

Ali
Islamic Empire During The Reign
Commander of the Faithful (Amir al-Mu'minin)
Full Name	Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (علي بن أبي طالب)
Reign	656–661
Born	(598-10-23)October 23, 598 (599-03-17)March 17, 599 (600-03-17)March 17, 600
Birthplace	Mecca
Died	January 28, 661(661-01-28) (aged 62)
Deathplace	Kufa
Place of Burial	Imam Ali Mosque, Najaf, Iraq
Predecessor	Uthman
Successor	Hasan
Father	Abu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib
Mother	Fatima bint Asad
Brother(s)	• Ja`far ibn Abī Tālib • Aqeel ibn Abi Talib • Talib ibn Abu Talib
Sister(s)	• Fakhitah bint Abi Talib • Jumanah bint Abi Talib
Spouse(s)	• Fatimah • Umamah bint Zainab • Umm ul-Banin • Leila bint Masoud • Khawlah bint Ja'far • Al Sahba'bint Rabi'ah
Son(s)	• Muhsin ibn Ali • Hasan ibn Ali • Husayn ibn Ali • Hilal ibn Ali • Al-Abbas ibn Ali • Abdullah ibn Ali • Jafar ibn Ali • Uthman ibn Ali • Ubaid Allah bin Ali • Abi Bakr bin Ali • Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah • Umar bin Ali
Daughter(s)	• Zaynab bint Ali • Umm Kulthum bint Ali
Other Titles	• Abu Al-Hasan ("Father of Hasan") • Abu Turab ("Father of Dust/Soil) • Murtadha ("One Who Is Chosen and Contented") • Asad ("Lion of God") • Haydar ("Lion") • First Alī

Ali was Muhammad's cousin. He married Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah, and so became Muhammad's son-in-law. He was one of the earliest Muslims. Ali was assassinated and Mu'awiya replaced him.

Since Ali stated that his body should remain a secret, his followers tied his body on a white camel and went towards what is now northern Afghanistan.^[2] Before being assassinated, Ali had reportedly given instructions to bury his body at the spot that the camel would die. At Balkh, the white camel diedé and Ali was buried secretly. In the 15th century, Abd al-Ghafur Lari is believed to have discovered Ali's tomb.^[3]

Sources

• Johnson, Thomas (2021). Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781538149294.
• Azad, Arezou (2013). Sacred Landscape in Medieval Afghanistan: Revisiting the Faḍāʾil-i Balkh. OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780199687053.

Other websites

Sunni biography

• Biography from USC's MSA website Archived 2008-12-16 at the Wayback Machine

Shi'a biography

• Brief Biography Archived 1998-02-04 at the Wayback Machine
• Ali's Birth in the Kaaba Archived 2006-02-06 at the Wayback Machine
• Website devoted to the Life of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib
• Sayings of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib
• Imam Ali Quotes on various topics^{[permanent dead link]}
• Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib Archived 2007-07-01 at the Wayback Machine
• Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib Archived 2002-09-23 at the Wayback Machine The Commander of the Faithfull
• Imam Ali foundation
• Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib Nahjul Balagha
• Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib's status
• Imam Ali
• Last will Archived 2008-03-27 at the Wayback Machine