Protestantism is a form of Christian faith. It started in the Holy Roman Empire (HRE) in the 16th century,[1] when some Christians opposed various aspects of the Roman Catholic Church (RCC). Together with the Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism, Protestantism became the third-largest force in Christianity.[2] Protestantism has a significant impact on the culture, beliefs and economy of a place where it became important.[1]
More information Topic, Calvinism ...
| Protestant beliefs |
| This table summarizes the classical views of three Protestant beliefs about salvation.[3] |
| Topic | Calvinism | Lutheranism | Arminianism |
| Human will |
Total depravity:
[4] Everyone has free will,[5] but it is in bondage to sin,[6] until it is "transformed".[7] |
Total depravity:
[4][8][9] Everyone has free will in regard to "goods and possessions", but is sinful by nature and unable to contribute to its own salvation.[10] |
Total depravity:
Everyone has the freedom from necessity,[clarification needed] but not "freedom from sin" unless enabled by "prevenient grace".[11] |
| Election |
Unconditional election. |
Unconditional election.[4][12] |
Conditional election in view of foreseen faith or unbelief.[13] |
| Justification and atonement | Justification by faith alone. Controversies exist about the extent of the atonement.[14] |
Justification for all men,[15] completed at Christ's death and effective through faith alone.[16] |
Justification is made possible for everyone via Christ's death, but only completed upon choosing faith in Jesus.[17] |
| Conversion |
Monergistic,[18] by means of grace, and irresistible. |
Monergistic,[19][20] through the means of grace, and resistible.[21] |
Synergistic and resistible due to the common grace of free will.[22][23] |
| Perseverance and apostasy |
Perseverance of the saints: the eternally elect in Christ will certainly persevere in faith.[24] |
Falling away is possible,[25] but God gives gospel assurance.[26][27] |
Preservation is conditional upon continued faith in Christ, with the chance of a final apostasy.[clarification needed][28] |
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