Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast

For other uses, see Kurgan (disambiguation).

Kurgan (Russian: Курган, IPA: [kʊrˈgan]) is the largest city and the administrative center (capital city) of Kurgan Oblast. It is in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 309,285 (2021 Census), 333,606 (2010 Census);^[4] 345,515 (2002 Census);^[8] 355,517 (1989 Census).^[9]

Kurgan Курган
City[1]
Kuybyshev Street in Kurgan
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Kurgan
Kurgan Location of Kurgan Show map of Russia Kurgan Kurgan (Kurgan Oblast) Show map of Kurgan Oblast
Coordinates: 55°28′N 65°21′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Kurgan Oblast[1]
Founded	1679
City status since	1782
Government
• Body	City Duma[2]
• Head	Elena Vyacheslavovna Sitnikova (Елена Вячеславовна Ситникова)
Area [3]
• Total	393 km2 (152 sq mi)
Elevation	75 m (246 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	333,606
• Rank	53rd in 2010
• Density	850/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
• Capital of	Kurgan Oblast[1], Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Kurgan Urban Okrug[5]
• Capital of	Kurgan Urban Okrug[5]
Time zone	UTC+5 (MSK+2 [6])
Postal code(s)[7]	640ххх
Dialing code(s)	+7 3522
OKTMO ID	37701000001
Twin towns	Appleton, Rufina, Yulin
Website	www.kurgan-city.ru

Kurgan was named Tsaryovo Gorodishche until 1782.

History

The city was settled between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще, meaning Imperial Citadel). It was used as a fortress town against attacks from nomads. It was given city status by Catherine the Great in 1782 as Kurgan. Its present name came from a large kurgan (burial mound) close to the city.

Economy and military

Kurgan is on the Trans-Siberian Railway line, between Yekaterinburg and Omsk. It has two railway stations and the Kurgan Airport. It was home to the Kurgan West air base during the Cold War. It is also home to Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, KAvZ autobus plant, and the machine building company Kurganmashzavod which produces the widely known BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles.

Climate

Kurgan has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). It has cold winters and warm summers.

Climate data for Kurgan (1991–2020, extremes 1893–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	4.3 (39.7)	8.0 (46.4)	17.3 (63.1)	31.3 (88.3)	36.6 (97.9)	38.5 (101.3)	40.5 (104.9)	38.5 (101.3)	34.5 (94.1)	24.6 (76.3)	14.2 (57.6)	5.8 (42.4)	40.5 (104.9)
Average high °C (°F)	−11.4 (11.5)	−8.9 (16.0)	−0.7 (30.7)	11.1 (52.0)	20.2 (68.4)	24.5 (76.1)	25.8 (78.4)	23.6 (74.5)	17.1 (62.8)	8.8 (47.8)	−2.5 (27.5)	−9.2 (15.4)	8.2 (46.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−15.5 (4.1)	−13.8 (7.2)	−5.7 (21.7)	5.1 (41.2)	13.4 (56.1)	18.2 (64.8)	19.7 (67.5)	17.4 (63.3)	11.1 (52.0)	4.1 (39.4)	−6.0 (21.2)	−12.9 (8.8)	2.9 (37.2)
Average low °C (°F)	−19.4 (−2.9)	−18.3 (−0.9)	−10.2 (13.6)	0.0 (32.0)	6.8 (44.2)	11.9 (53.4)	13.7 (56.7)	11.9 (53.4)	6.2 (43.2)	0.2 (32.4)	−9.3 (15.3)	−16.6 (2.1)	−1.9 (28.6)
Record low °C (°F)	−47.9 (−54.2)	−47.9 (−54.2)	−44.3 (−47.7)	−27.2 (−17.0)	−10.5 (13.1)	−3.5 (25.7)	2.8 (37.0)	−1.6 (29.1)	−7.7 (18.1)	−24.8 (−12.6)	−38.8 (−37.8)	−46.4 (−51.5)	−47.9 (−54.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	18 (0.7)	14 (0.6)	18 (0.7)	22 (0.9)	38 (1.5)	51 (2.0)	61 (2.4)	52 (2.0)	34 (1.3)	34 (1.3)	28 (1.1)	21 (0.8)	391 (15.4)
Average rainy days	1	1	4	10	16	16	15	17	18	14	6	2	120
Average snowy days	23	18	14	6	2	0.1	0	0	1	9	17	21	111
Average relative humidity (%)	82	80	78	66	59	63	69	72	74	77	81	81	74
Mean monthly sunshine hours	72	118	185	237	279	306	300	251	180	109	69	56	2,162
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[10]
Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[11]

Gallery

• 
  Lenin Square [ru]
• 
  Marshal Golikov avenue
• 
  Kurgan Regional Philharmonic Society [ru]
• 
  Kurgan Drama Theater [ru]
• 
  Cinema "Rossiya"
• 
  Wilhelm Küchelbecker house museum
• 
  Russian Orthodox Church Theotokos of Port Arthur church
• 
  Russian Orthodox Church Alexander Nevsky Cathedral [ru]
• 
  Main post office
• 
  Kurgan Airport
• 
  Railway station [ru]
• 
  Central market
• 
  Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics
• 
  Kurganmashzavod
• 
  City center of culture and leisure
• 
  Children's art school
• 
  Kurgan Aviation Museum [ru]
• 
  River Tobol

International relations

Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Twin towns and sister cities

Kurgan is twinned with:

• Appleton, United States^[12]
• Rufina, Italy^[source?]