The Nawabs of Bengal (the Nawab Nizam of Bengal and Orissa) were the rulers of the provinces of Bengal and Orissa. Between 1717 and 1772, they were the rulers of the Bengal province.
Quick facts Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Orissa (1717–1880)aandNawab Bahadur of Murshidabad (1882–1971)b, Capital ...
Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Orissa (1717–1880)a
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Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad (1882–1971)b Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad |
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Motto: Nil Desperandum
"There is no cause for despair, never despair" |
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| Capital | Murshidabadc |
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| Common languages | English
Persian
Bengali
Hindi
Urdu
Arabic |
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| Government | Nobility |
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| Historical era | Mughal Empire
British India |
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• Emergence of the Mughal Empire | 1526 |
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• Established | 1717 |
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| 23 June 1757 |
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| 22 October 1764 |
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• Abolition of the title of Nawab of Bengal | 1880 |
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• Abdication of Mansoor Ali Khan, the last Nawab of Bengal | 1 November 1880 |
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• Emergence of the Nawab of Murshidabad | 17 February 1882 |
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• Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolishes titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields | 26 January 1950 |
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• Disestablished | 1765 |
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• 1901 | 75 million[1] |
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| Today part of | India
Bangladesh |
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- Title abolished in 1880
After Indian independence in 1947, followed by the promulgation of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, which marked the transformation of the Dominion of India into the Republic of India, the Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolished all titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields. However, under the policy of Privy Purse nobles were allowed to enjoy certain privileges and keep their titles. However, this policy was abolished in 1971 by the twenty-sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India. Thus the title of the "Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad" was officially, constitutionally and legally abolished in 1971. Murshidabad was the capital for both the Nawabs of Bengal and the Nawabs of Murshidabad. |
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The last independent Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah, was betrayed in the Battle of Plassey by Mir Jafar. He lost to the British, who in 1757, installed Mir Jafar on the throne and established itself as a political power in Bengal.[2]
In 1765 the system of 'dual government' meant the Nawabs ruled on behalf of the British, and were puppets to the British. In 1772 the system was abolished and Bengal was brought under direct control of the British. In 1793, when the Nizamat (governorship) of the Nawab was also taken away from them, they remained as the pensioners of the British East India Company.[3][4] The last Nawab of Bengal, Mansur Ali Khan abdicated on 1 November 1880 in favour of his eldest son, Hassan Ali Mirza.[5]
