Pahlavi dynasty

The Mazani Pahlavi dynasty of Iran (Mazandarani: پٚهلٚؤی) is the last Irani royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah, a Mazani/Tabarei Caspiani^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]} of Iran.

Pahlavi dynasty سلسله پهلوی
1925–1979
Flag of Pahlavi Iran (1964–1980)
Anthem: (1925–1933) سلامتی دولت علیّه ایران Salâmati-ye Dowlat-è Âlliye-ye Irân ("Salute of the Sublime State of Iran") (1933–1979) سرود شاهنشاهی ایران Sorud-è Šâhanšâhi-ye Irân ("Imperial Anthem of Iran")
Capital	Tehran
Religion	Secular state (1925–1941, 1953–1979) Shia Islam (1941–1953)
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy (de jure 1925–1979 and de facto 1941–1953) Unitary absolute monarchy (de facto 1925–1941; 1953–1979) under an authoritarian one-party system (1975–1978) under military dictatorship (1925-1941; 1953–1955; 1978–1979)
Shah
• 1925–1941	Reza Shah Pahlavi
• 1941–1979	Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
History
• Established	1925
• Disestablished	1979
Preceded by Qajar dynasty

Origins

The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah of Mazanderani descent.^[1][2][7] Reza's father was a Mazanderani,^{[8][9][10][11]} commissioned in the 7th Savadkuh Regiment, and served in the Siege of Herat in 1856.^[12] His mother was a Georgian Muslim immigrant from Georgia (then part of the Russian Empire).^[13][14]

History

The Pahlavi regime established by Reza Shah was a secular, nationalist, militarist and anti-communist regime.^[15] Although he himself was of Mazanderani descent, his government carried out an extensive policy of Persianization trying to create a single, united and largely homogeneous nation, similar to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's policy of Turkification in Turkey after the fall of the Ottoman Empire.^[16] After the removal of Reza Shah in 1941, his son, Mohammad Reza Shah, took his place. Finally, the dynasty came to an end with the Iranian revolution.