Palestinian Joint Operations Room

The Palestinian Joint Operations Room (Arabic: غرفة العمليات المشتركة), also known as the Joint Room for Palestinian Resistance Factions (Arabic: الغرفة المشتركة لفصائل المقاومة الفلسطينية), is a united front that includes the military arms of the Palestinian armed factions in the Gaza Strip. It includes armed groups from various backgrounds, and ideologies from both the right and the left, including Islamists, socialists, nationalists, and others.^[4]

•  Hamas Armed Forces: Hamas^[5][6][7][8]
•  Al-Quds Brigades: Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)^[5][7][8][9]
•  Abu Ali Mustafa Brigades: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)^[5][8][9]
•  National Resistance Brigades: Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)^[5][8][9]
•  Al-Nasser Salah al-Deen Brigades: Popular Resistance Committees (PRC)^[5][8][9]
• Mujahideen Brigades: (Palestinian Mujahideen Movement)^[5][8][9]
•  al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades (ex-Fatah, no longer aligned with it)^[5][8][9]
•  Jihad Jibril Brigades: (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC)^[5][9]
• Al-Ansar Brigades (Palestinian Freedom Movement)^[5][8][9]

Joint Operations Room
غرفة العمليات المشتركة لفصائل المقاومة الفلسطينية
Leaders	Mohammed Deif X (Hamas) Khalil Bathani (Palestinian Islamic Jihad) Jamil Mezher (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine) Nayef Hawatmeh (Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine) Ayman al-Shashniya (Popular Resistance Committees) Talal Naji (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command) others
Dates of operation	23 July 2018 (7 years ago) (2018-07-23)[1]
Group(s)	Al-Qassam Brigades  Al-Quds Brigades  Abu Ali Mustafa Brigades  National Resistance Brigades  Jihad Jibril Brigades  al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades  Al-Nasser Salah al-Deen Brigades Other similar militant groups
Ideology	shared ideologies United front Palestinianism Palestinian nationalism Palestinian self-determination Palestinian armed struggle Anti-Zionism Anti-imperialism
Part of	Axis of Resistance[2][3]
Opponents	Israel
Battles and wars	Israeli–Palestinian conflict 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis Israel–Hamas war 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip (2023–present)

Ex-Fatah groups not mentioned by Nofal:^[10]

• Ayman Jawda Squads^[9][10]
• Abd al-Qadr al-Husseini Brigades^[5][9]
• Al-Assefa Army^[5][9]

Background

It was formed for the first time in 2006 in order to unite against Israel during clashes and wars and included Hamas and the Islamic Jihad Movement. It was then developed, expanded, and was formed under its current name on July 23, 2018, among 12 military wings after clashes around Al-Aqsa Mosque, the most prominent of which was the installation of electronic gates there by Israel, in what is considered Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem.^[1] It currently consists of 12 different armed groups, and has coordinated a large number of attacks on Israel including the October 7 attacks,^[11] and has also coordinated defence and retaliations against Israeli attacks.^[12][7] Ayman Nofal in May 2023 explained the goals and organization of the room, which he said was to create an inter-organizational alliance to coordinate operations, and increase the potential of the "Palestinian Resistance", and for it to "become a comprehensive framework for all the organizations, networks and fighters, without exception".^[13] He also gave a list of the 9 factions out of 12 which he said were "fully unified under the room".^[5]