branch of mathematics concerning probability From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Probability theory is the part of mathematics that studies random situations.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Probability theory usually studies random events, random variables, stochastic processes, and non-deterministic events (events that do not follow a simple pattern).
Tossing a coin, winning the lottery, or rolling a die are random events. However, random events have certain patterns, which can be studied and predicted, using probability theory.[2][3][4][5][6]
Scientists can use probability theory to obtain information about things that would be too complex to deal with,[2][3][4][5][6] like statistical mechanics.[7][8][9] Also, scientists discovered (in the 20th century) that atoms, and everything that we know, obeys something called quantum mechanics,[10][11][12] which uses lots of probability theory.
The theory of probability was created by Gerolamo Cardano, a medical doctor and gambler who tried to calculate his luck. Years later, Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal helped develop Cardano's theory.
Today, probability theory is used in statistics, which is useful to all kinds of areas:[2][3][4][5][6] like medicine, economy, Science, Mathematics...
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