Ruby (programming language)

Not to be confused with Ruby on Rails.

Ruby is the name of a programming language that was created in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan. Like other programming languages, such as Python, its structure (the way it works) is very similar to the English language. It has these qualities:

• Terse. Short, but still easy to understand.
• Dynamic. Easy to change, anytime and anywhere.
• Duck typing. If you think you understand it, you probably understand it.

Ruby

Paradigm	multi-paradigm: object-oriented, imperative, functional, reflective
Designed by	Yukihiro Matsumoto
Developer	Yukihiro Matsumoto, et al.
First appeared	1995
Stable release	3.4.3[1]  / 14 April 2025; 1 day ago (14 April 2025)
Typing discipline	duck, dynamic
Scope	lexical, sometimes dynamic
OS	Cross-platform
License	Ruby License or BSD License[2][3]
Filename extensions	.rb, .rbw
Website	www.ruby-lang.org
Major implementations
Ruby MRI, YARV, Rubinius, MagLev, JRuby, MacRuby, RubyMotion, HotRuby, IronRuby, mruby
Influenced by
Ada,[4] C++,[4] CLU,[5] Dylan,[5] Eiffel,[4] Lisp,[5] Perl,[5] Python,[5] Smalltalk[5]
Influenced
D,[6] Elixir, Falcon, Fancy,[7] Groovy, Ioke,[8] Mirah, Nu,[9] Reia, Crystal
Ruby Programming at Wikibooks

Many programmers like it because the creator tried to make it easy and nice to use.^[10]

Ruby on Rails (RoR) is a web application framework that is implemented using the Ruby language.^[11]

Example

An example Hello World program in Ruby:

puts "Hello World!"

An example program in Ruby that asks for your name and then says it:

puts "What's your name?"
name = gets.chomp
puts "Ah hello there, #{name}"

A function in Ruby that joins the 2 strings (or arrays/integers) into one, removes all numbers from it, capitalizes the string and then repeats it 5 times:

def somefunction(arg1, arg2) # creates a function with 2 arguments. the args can be called anything
    arg = arg1 + arg2 # this joins them into 1 string
    arg = arg.tr("1234567890","") # this replaces all the numbers with a nothing. erases them essentially.
    arg = arg.capitalize # read that out loud
    5.times do # read that out loud too
        puts arg # prints it on a new line
    end
end
somefunction("h1e2l6lo7,"," W5o6r8l9d!3") # does the function

Output:

Hello, World!
Hello, World!
Hello, World!
Hello, World!
Hello, World!