各国人类发展指数列表
维基媒体列表条目 来自维基百科,自由的百科全书
为最新世界上所有国家(地区)的人类发展指数列表。最新的《人类发展报告》为《2020年人类发展报告》,由联合国开发计划署公布于2020年12月15日,实际上是在2019年数据的估计基础上编制的[1]。2020年报告涵盖了189个国家或地区,包括香港和巴勒斯坦国。最新报告中并未统计朝鲜、摩纳哥、瑙鲁、圣马力诺、索马里、图瓦卢、梵蒂冈、波多黎各、美属维尔京群岛等,但这些国家或地区的官方统计单位独立提供的人类发展指数附加于联合国列表之下以供参考。有7个联合国成员由于缺乏数据而未列入此表。世界平均数值和一些国家联合组织的数值也列入了此表,以便对比[2]。
![]() | 此条目需要更新。 (2022年9月11日) |

0.800–1.000(极高) 0.700–0.799(高) 0.555–0.699(中) | 0.350–0.554(低) 未有资料 |

≥ 0.900 0.850–0.899 0.800–0.849 0.750–0.799 0.700–0.749 | 0.650–0.699 0.600–0.649 0.550–0.599 0.500–0.549 0.450–0.499 | 0.400–0.449 ≤ 0.399 暂缺 |
这些国家或地区也按照人类发展指数进行分类,分为极高(0.8及以上)、高(0.799~0.6)、中(0.699~0.550)、低(0.549及以下)四个组别。在2018年报告中,只有第一组“极高”的国家才可能是发达国家(部分“极高”组的国家被视为发展中国家,例如巴林、卡塔尔、科威特、阿联酋、阿曼、沙特阿拉伯、马来西亚、哈萨克斯坦和一些中东欧国家等),剩下的三组都是发展中国家或未开发国家。
计算方法

≥ 1.4% 1.2%…1.4% 1%…1.2% 0.8%…1% | 0.6%…0.8% 0.4%…0.6% 0.2%…0.4% 0%…0.2% | −0.5%…0% −1%…−0.5% < −1% 没有数据 |
人类发展指数由巴基斯坦籍经济学家赫布卜·乌·哈格和印度籍经济学家阿马蒂亚·库马尔·森于1990年发明[3],是国际上衡量国家或地区社会发展程度、民众生活水平的主要指标,在以下三个方面基础上计算而来:
人类发展指数列表(2019年)
- ▲ = 上升
- ━ = 无变化
- ▼ = 下降
排名 | 国家或地区 | 人类发展指数 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019年数据(2020年报告)[4] | 5年内的变化(2014年)[5] | 2019年数据(2020年报告)[4] | 年均增长值(2010-2019)[5] | ||
极高人类发展指数 | |||||
1 | ━ | ![]() |
0.957 | ▲ 0.20% | |
2 | ▲ (7) | ![]() |
0.955 | ▲ 0.65% | |
2 | ━ | ![]() |
0.955 | ▲ 0.16% | |
4 | ▲ (7) | ![]() |
0.949 | ▲ 0.54% | |
4 | ▲ (4) | ![]() |
0.949 | ▲ 0.62% | |
6 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.947 | ▲ 0.24% | |
7 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.945 | ▲ 0.41% | |
8 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.944 | ▲ 0.17% | |
8 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.944 | ▲ 0.32% | |
10 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.940 | ▲ 0.28% | |
11 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.938 | ▲ 0.26% | |
11 | ━ | ![]() |
0.938 | ▲ 0.35% | |
13 | ━ | ![]() |
0.932 | ▲ 0.24% | |
14 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.931 | ▲ 0.25% | |
14 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.931 | ▲ 0.30% | |
16 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.929 | ▲ 0.34% | |
17 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.926 | ▲ 0.12% | |
18 | ━ | ![]() |
0.922 | ▲ 0.22% | |
18 | ━ | ![]() |
0.922 | - | |
19 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.919 | ▲ 0.29% | |
19 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.919 | ▲ 0.39% | |
19 | ━ | ![]() |
0.919 | ▲ 0.18% | |
22 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.917 | ▲ 0.35% | |
23 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.916 | ▲ 0.33% | |
23 | ━ | ![]() |
0.916 | ▲ 0.22% | |
25 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.904 | ▲ 0.40% | |
26 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.901 | ▲ 0.28% | |
27 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.900 | ▲ 0.38% | |
28 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.895 | ▲ 0.54% | |
29 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.892 | ▲ 0.51% | |
29 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.892 | ▲ 0.16% | |
31 | ▲ (6) | ![]() |
0.890 | ▲ 0.91% | |
32 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.888 | ▲ 0.29% | |
33 | ━ | ![]() |
0.887 | ▲ 0.40% | |
34 | ━ | ![]() |
0.882 | ▲ 0.66% | |
35 | ━ | ![]() |
0.880 | ▲ 0.52% | |
36 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.868 | ▲ 0.40% | |
37 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.866 | ▲ 0.55% | |
38 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.864 | ▲ 0.46% | |
39 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.860 | ▲ 0.38% | |
40 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.854 | ▲ 0.30% | |
40 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.854 | ▲ 0.60% | |
42 | ▲ (6) | ![]() |
0.852 | ▲ 0.70% | |
43 | ━ | ![]() |
0.851 | ▲ 0.65% | |
43 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.851 | ▲ 0.48% | |
45 | ━ | ![]() |
0.848 | ▲ 0.19% | |
46 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.845 | ▲ 0.21% | |
47 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.838 | ▲ 0.15% | |
48 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.829 | ▲ 0.37% | |
49 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.828 | ▲ 0.31% | |
50 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.826 | ▲ 0.55% | |
51 | ▲ (7) | ![]() |
0.825 | ▲ 0.86% | |
52 | ━ | ![]() |
0.824 | ━ | |
53 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.823 | ▲ 0.39% | |
54 | ▲ (5) | ![]() |
0.820 | ▲ 1.16% | |
55 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.817 | ▲ 0.49% | |
56 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.816 | ▲ 0.39% | |
57 | ▲ (5) | ![]() |
0.815 | ▲ 0.58% | |
58 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.814 | ▲ 0.12% | |
58 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.814 | ▲ 0.23% | |
60 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.813 | ▲ 0.43% | |
61 | ▲ (7) | ![]() |
0.812 | ▲ 0.87% | |
62 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.810 | ▲ 0.64% | |
62 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.810 | ▲ 0.54% | |
64 | ▼ (5) | ![]() |
0.806 | ▲ 0.25% | |
64 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.806 | ▲ 0.57% | |
66 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.804 | ▲ 0.76% | |
高人类发展指数 | |||||
67 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.796 | ▲ 0.46% | |
67 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.796 | ▲ 0.17% | |
69 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.795 | ▲ 0.72% | |
70 | ▲ (5) | ![]() |
0.783 | ▲ 0.03% | |
70 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.783 | ▲ 0.60% | |
72 | ━ | ![]() |
0.782 | ▲ 0.41% | |
73 | ▲ (8) | ![]() |
0.780 | ▲ 0.88% | |
74 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.779 | ▲ 0.36% | |
74 | ▲ (4) | ![]() |
0.779 | ▲ 0.45% | |
74 | ━ | ![]() |
0.779 | ▲ 0.48% | |
74 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.779 | ▲ 0.35% | |
74 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.778 | ▲ 0.22% | |
74 | ━ | ![]() |
0.777 | ▲ 0.83% | |
74 | ▲ (8) | ![]() |
0.777 | ▲ 0.79% | |
81 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.776 | ▲ 0.42% | |
82 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.774 | ▲ 0.46% | |
83 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.767 | ▲ 0.57% | |
84 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.765 | ▲ 0.57% | |
85 | ▲ (12) | ![]() |
0.761 | ▲ 0.95% | |
86 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.759 | ▲ 0.50% | |
86 | ▲ (6) | ![]() |
0.759 | ▲ 0.43% | |
88 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.756 | ▲ 0.45% | |
88 | ▲ (10) | ![]() |
0.756 | ▲ 0.76% | |
90 | ━ | ![]() |
0.750 | ▲ 0.56% | |
91 | ━ | ![]() |
0.748 | ▲ 0.41% | |
92 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.744 | ▼ 0.32% | |
93 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.743 | ▲ 0.43% | |
94 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.742 | ▲ 0.03% | |
95 | ▲ (8) | ![]() |
0.740 | ▲ 0.86% | |
95 | ▲ (7) | ![]() |
0.740 | ▲ 0.37% | |
97 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.738 | ▲ 0.31% | |
97 | ▼ (5) | ![]() |
0.738 | ▲ 0.43% | |
99 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.737 | ▲ 0.64% | |
100 | ▲ (5) | ![]() |
0.735 | ▲ 1.15% | |
101 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.734 | ▲ 0.03% | |
102 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.729 | ▲ 0.01% | |
103 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.728 | ▲ 0.50% | |
104 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.725 | ▲ 0.41% | |
105 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.724 | ▼ 1.08% | |
106 | ▲ (4) | ![]() |
0.720 | ▲ 0.82% | |
107 | ▲ (6) | ![]() |
0.718 | ▲ 0.82% | |
107 | ▲ (6) | ![]() |
0.718 | ▲ 0.86% | |
107 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.718 | ▲ 0.76% | |
110 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.716 | ▲ 0.33% | |
111 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.715 | ▲ 0.27% | |
111 | ▲ (4) | ![]() |
0.715 | ▲ 0.79% | |
113 | ▼ (44) | ![]() |
0.711 | ▼ 0.69% | |
114 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.709 | ▲ 0.73% | |
115 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.708 | ▲ 0.38% | |
116 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.707 | ▲ 0.63% | |
117 | NA[注 1] | ![]() |
0.704 | NA[注 1] | |
117 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.704 | ▲ 0.70% | |
119 | ━ | ![]() |
0.703 | ▲ 0.84% | |
中人类发展指数 | |||||
120 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.697 | ▲ 0.57% | |
121 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.686 | ▲ 1.20% | |
122 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.682 | ▲ 0.55% | |
123 | ▲ (4) | ![]() |
0.674 | ▲ 0.65% | |
124 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.673 | ▲ 0.08% | |
125 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.668 | ▲ 0.51% | |
126 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.665 | ▲ 0.57% | |
127 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.663 | ▲ 1.00% | |
128 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.660 | ▲ 0.66% | |
129 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.654 | ▲ 1.46% | |
130 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.646 | ▲ 1.03% | |
131 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.645 | ▲ 1.21% | |
132 | ━ | ![]() |
0.634 | ▲ 0.43% | |
133 | ▲ (8) | ![]() |
0.632 | ▲ 1.41% | |
134 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.630 | ▲ 0.67% | |
135 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.625 | ▲ 1.21% | |
136 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.620 | ▲ 0.35% | |
137 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.613 | ▲ 1.17% | |
138 | ▲ (5) | ![]() |
0.611 | ▲ 2.03% | |
138 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.611 | ▲ 0.87% | |
140 | ▼ (5) | ![]() |
0.609 | ▲ 0.35% | |
141 | ▼ (12) | ![]() |
0.606 | ▼ 0.40% | |
142 | ━ | ![]() |
0.602 | ▲ 1.28% | |
143 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.601 | ▲ 0.97% | |
144 | ━ | ![]() |
0.594 | ▲ 1.09% | |
145 | ▼ (6) | ![]() |
0.592 | ▲ 0.30% | |
146 | ━ | ![]() |
0.584 | ▲ 1.15% | |
147 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.583 | ▲ 1.39% | |
148 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.581 | ▲ 1.31% | |
149 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.574 | ▲ 1.10% | |
150 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.571 | ▲ 1.90% | |
151 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.567 | ▲ 0.61% | |
151 | ▼ (43) | ![]() |
0.567 | ▼ 1.97% | |
153 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.563 | ▲ 1.22% | |
154 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.557 | ▲ 0.94% | |
155 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.555 | ▲ 0.68% | |
156 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.554 | ▲ 0.68% | |
低人类发展指数 | |||||
157 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.546 | ▲ 0.87% | |
158 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.545 | ▲ 1.10% | |
159 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.544 | ▲ 0.99% | |
160 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.543 | ▲ 1.10% | |
161 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.539 | ▲ 1.25% | |
162 | ▲ (7) | ![]() |
0.538 | ▲ 1.56% | |
163 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.529 | ▲ 1.06% | |
164 | ▼ (4) | ![]() |
0.528 | ▲ 0.36% | |
165 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.527 | ▲ 1.52% | |
166 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.524 | ▲ 1.61% | |
167 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.515 | ▲ 1.12% | |
168 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.512 | ▲ 1.00% | |
169 | ▼ (5) | ![]() |
0.511 | ▲ 0.89% | |
170 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.510 | ▲ 0.89% | |
170 | ▼ (5) | ![]() |
0.510 | ▲ 0.94% | |
172 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.496 | ▲ 0.87% | |
173 | ▲ (5) | ![]() |
0.485 | ▲ 1.58% | |
174 | ━ | ![]() |
0.483 | ▲ 1.27% | |
175 | ━ | ![]() |
0.480 | ▲ 1.10% | |
175 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.480 | ▲ 1.07% | |
175 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.480 | ▲ 0.60% | |
178 | ▲ (1) | ![]() |
0.477 | ▲ 1.53% | |
179 | ▼ (16) | ![]() |
0.470 | ▼ 0.82% | |
180 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.459 | ▲ 0.57% | |
181 | ▲ (2) | ![]() |
0.456 | ▲ 1.44% | |
182 | ▲ (3) | ![]() |
0.452 | ▲ 1.83% | |
182 | ▼ (2) | ![]() |
0.452 | ▲ 1.40% | |
184 | ━ | ![]() |
0.434 | ▲ 0.69% | |
185 | ▼ (5) | ![]() |
0.433 | ▲ 0.58% | |
185 | ▼ (3) | ![]() |
0.433 | ▲ 0.61% | |
187 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.398 | ▲ 0.84% | |
188 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.397 | ▲ 0.94% | |
189 | ▼ (1) | ![]() |
0.394 | ▲ 1.95% |
根据洲列表
前10名
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后10名
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后10名
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后10名
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南美洲
根据地区或国际组织列表
前10名
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后10名
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前10名
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后10名
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前10名
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后10名
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前10名
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前10名
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地区或国际组织的平均值
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未列入新版列表的国家及地区
注意:2009年的报告使用了旧算法。 |
非联合国成员
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参见
注释
参考文献
外部链接
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