客家话拼音方案广东省教育部门于1960年9月公布的广东拼音方案之一,以广东省梅州市区(含梅江区梅县区)的梅城口音为标准,以拉丁字母拼写语音,以右上方标数字表示声调

方案内容

字母

拼音采用拉丁字母,其中r、w不用来拼写梅县客家话。ê 是字母 e 的变体,用以代表 [ɛ]

声母

声母总数为19个。不以辅音为首的音节,称为零声母。列表如下:

b [p] p [pʰ] m [m] f [f] v [v]
d [t] t [tʰ] n [n] l [l]  
g [k] k [kʰ] ng [ŋ] h [h]  
j [ʦi-] q [ʦʰi-] x [si-] 西    
z [ʦ] c [ʦʰ] s [s]    

资 zi1、雌 ci1、思 si1 等字的韵母[ɿ]用i表示。

韵母

韵母总数为74个。列表如下:

i [ɿ] i [i] u [u]
a [a] ia [ia] ua [ua]
o [ɔ] io [iɔ] uo [uɔ]
ê [ɛ] [iɛ] (撒) [uɛ]
ai [ai] iai [iai] uai [uai]
oi [ɔi]    
au [au] iau [iau]  
êu [ɛu]    
  iu [iu]  
  iui [iui] ui [ui]
am [am] iam [iam]  
êm [ɛm]    
em [əm] im [im]
an [an] ian [ian] uan [uan]
on [ɔn] ion [iɔn] uon [uɔn]
ên [ɛn] iên [iɛn] uên [uɛn]
en [ən] in [in]
  iun [iun] un [un]
ang [aŋ] iang [iaŋ] uang [uaŋ]
ong [ɔŋ] iong [iɔŋ] uong [uɔŋ]
  iung [iuŋ] ung [uŋ]
ab [ap] iab [iap]  
êb [ɛp]    
eb [əp] ib [ip]  
ad [at] iad [iat] uad [uat]
od [ɔt]    
êd [ɛt] iêd [iɛt] uêd [uɛt]
ed [ət] id [it]  
  iud [iut] ud [ut]
ag [ak] iag [iak] uag [uak]
og [ɔk] iog [iɔk] uog [uɔk]
  iug [iuk] ug [uk]
m [m] n [n]  

i 行的韵母,前面没有声母的时候,写成 yi、ya、yo、yê、yai、yau、yu、yui、yam、yim、yan、yin、yun、yang、yong、yung、yab、yib、yad、yid、yud、yag、yog、yug。

声调

调类 阴平 阳平 上声 去声 阴入 阳入
调号 1 2 3 4 5 6
调值 44 11 31 52 11 55
  fu1 fu2 fu3 fu4 fug5 fug6
例字

客家话方言声母韵母的差异

参看

参考文献

  • 欧阳觉亚等。广州话、客家话、潮汕话与普通话对照词典。广州:广东人民出版社,2005年9月1日,542-543页。ISBN 7218050603

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