Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer (1788 nî 2 goe̍h 22 ji̍t - 1860 nî 9 goe̍h 21 ji̍t) sī Tek-kok ê tiat-ha̍k-ka. I ê su-sióng siok koan-liām-lūn (idealism).

Arthur Schopenhauer
Schopenhauer in 1859 (colorized photograph)
Chhut-sì	1788 nî 2 goe̍h 22 ji̍t(1788-02-22) Danzig (Gdańsk), Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Koè-sin	1860 nî 9 goe̍h 21 ji̍t (72 hòe) Frankfurt, German Confederation
Kok-che̍k	German
Kàu-io̍k	Illustrious Gymnasium University of Göttingen University of Jena (PhD, 1813)
Era	19th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Continental philosophy Post-Kantian philosophy Transcendental idealism (disputed)[1][2] Metaphysical voluntarism[3] Philosophical pessimism
Institutions	University of Berlin
Main interests	Metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics, morality, psychology
Notable ideas	Anthropic principle[4][5] Eternal justice Fourfold root of the principle of sufficient reason Hedgehog's dilemma Philosophical pessimism Principium individuationis Will as thing in itself Criticism of religion Criticism of German idealism[6][7] Schopenhauerian aesthetics Wooden iron
Influences Theravada Hinduism (Upanishads) Aristotle Descartes Berkeley Hume Gibbon Voltaire Gracián Rousseau Kant Spinoza Locke Krause Goethe German mysticism[8] Plato Schulze
Influenced Anjos Assis Bahnsen Beckett Bergson Borges Brahms Brouwer Campbell Darwin Einstein[9] Fet Cioran Dilthey[10] Freud Gray[11] Hardy Hartmann Hesse Horkheimer Huysmans Jung Kraus[12] Ludovici[13] Ligotti Mahler Mainländer Majorana[14] Mann Marx Maupassant Michelstaedter Nietzsche Proust Rank Reve Rilke Ryle[15] Santayana Schlick[16] Shaw Schoenberg Schrödinger Solovyov Spengler Tolstoy[17] Vaihinger Volkelt Wagner Weininger Wittgenstein Zapffe Zola
Chhiam-miâ