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家蟻亞科
膜翅目蚁科昆虫的一个亚科 来自维基百科,自由的百科全书
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家蟻亞科(學名:Myrmicinae,中國大陸作切葉蟻亞科,台灣作家蟻亞科)隸屬於蟻科,現生約140屬[1],世界廣佈,蛹不結繭,有些物種具螫針,腹柄節兩節,築巢於土中、枯木中、石頭下或活樹中[2]。
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特徵
家蟻亞科的物種生有明顯的後腹柄節,也就是第三腹節明顯小於第四腹節,且兩者之間具有明顯的隘縮;前胸背板無法自由伸展,與中軀癒合,也就是前中胸背板縫線淺,或是完全消失;通常具有螫針;頭楯發達,因此兩觸角窩不相連;家蟻亞科大部分物種複眼功能完整,面葉(frontal lobes)發達,蓋住部分的觸角根(antennal insertion)[3]。
族
2014年時從原本的20族減少為6族[4]:
- 切葉蟻族 Attini Smith, 1858
 - 舉尾家蟻族 Crematogastrini Forel, 1893
 - 家蟻族 Myrmicini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
 - 毛收割家蟻族 Pogonomyrmecini Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2015
 - 火蟻族 Solenopsidini Forel, 1893
 - 盲長家蟻族 Stenammini Ashmead, 1905
 
屬
2014年時,家蟻亞科下大量的屬被移動到不同的族或是其他亞科,以下為2014年更新後的版本[1][4]:
- 切葉蟻族 Attini Smith, 1858
- 刺顎家蟻屬 Acanthognathus Mayr, 1887
 - 擬切葉家蟻屬;zh-cm:顶切叶蚁属 Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 外號:小A
 - Allomerus Mayr, 1878
 - 翼切葉蟻屬 Apterostigma Mayr, 1865
 - 切葉家蟻屬 Atta Fabricius, 1804 外號:大A
 - †Attaichnus Laza, 1982
 - 鈍角家蟻屬 Basiceros Schulz, 1906
 - Blepharidatta Wheeler, 1915
 - Cephalotes Latreille, 1802
 - Chimaeridris Wilson, 1989
 - Colobostruma Wheeler, 1927
 - Cyatta Sosa-Calvo et al., 2013
 - Cyphomyrmex Mayr, 1862
 - 針刺家蟻屬 Daceton Perty, 1833
 - Diaphoromyrma Fernández, Delabie & Nascimento, 2009
 - Epopostruma Forel, 1895
 - 斜毛家蟻屬 Eurhopalothrix Brown & Kempf, 1961
 - Ishakidris Bolton, 1984
 - Kalathomyrmex Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009
 - Lachnomyrmex Wheeler, 1910
 - Lenomyrmex Fernández & Palacio, 1999
 - Mesostruma Brown, 1948
 - Microdaceton Santschi, 1913
 - Mycetagroicus Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001
 - Mycetarotes Emery, 1913
 - Mycetophylax Emery, 1913
 - Mycetosoritis Wheeler, 1907
 - Mycocepurus Forel, 1893
 - Myrmicocrypta Smith, 1860
 - Ochetomyrmex Mayr, 1878
 - Octostruma Forel, 1912
 - 長顎家蟻屬 Orectognathus Smith, 1853
 - Paramycetophylax Kusnezov, 1956
 - Phalacromyrmex Kempf, 1960
 - 大頭家蟻屬 大頭蟻屬 Pheidole Westwood, 1839
 - Pilotrochus Brown, 1978
 - Procryptocerus Emery, 1887
 - Protalaridris Brown, 1980
 - 擬切葉蟻屬 Pseudoatta Gallardo, 1916
 - Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870
 - Sericomyrmex Mayr, 1865
 - 瘤顎家蟻屬 瘤顎蟻屬 Strumigenys Smith, 1860
 - Talaridris Weber, 1941
 - Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893
 - Tranopelta Mayr, 1866
 - 小火蟻屬 沃氏蟻屬Wasmannia Forel, 1893
 
 - 舉尾家蟻族 Crematogastrini Forel, 1893
- Acanthomyrmex Emery, 1893
 - Adlerzia Forel, 1902
 - Ancyridris Wheeler, 1935
 - Atopomyrmex André, 1889
 - Calyptomyrmex Emery, 1887
 - 瘤突家蟻屬 Cardiocondyla Emery, 1869
 - 寡家蟻屬 盲切葉蟻屬 Carebara Westwood, 1840
 - Cataulacus Smith, 1853
 - 舉尾家蟻屬 舉腹蟻屬 Crematogaster Lund, 1831
 - Cyphoidris Weber, 1952
 - Dacatria Rigato, 1994
 - Dacetinops Brown & Wilson, 1957
 - Dicroaspis Emery, 1908
 - Dilobocondyla Santschi, 1910
 - Diplomorium Mayr, 1901
 - †Enneamerus Mayr, 1868
 - †Eocenomyrma Dlussky & Radchenko, 2006
 - Eutetramorium Emery, 1899
 - 蟻居家蟻屬 Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855 暫無大陸譯名
 - Formosimyrma Terayama, 2009
 - Gauromyrmex Menozzi, 1933
 - Gaoligongidris Xu, 2012
 - Harpagoxenus Forel, 1893
 - Huberia Forel, 1890
 - †Hypopomyrmex Emery, 1891
 - 虹家蟻屬 Indomyrma Brown, 1986
 - Kartidris Bolton, 1991
 - Lasiomyrma Terayama & Yamane, 2000
 - 窄胸家蟻屬 Leptothorax Mayr, 1855
 - Liomyrmex Mayr, 1865
 - †Lonchomyrmex Mayr, 1867
 - 背脊家蟻屬 Lophomyrmex Emery, 1892
 - 溝家蟻屬 Lordomyrma Emery, 1897
 - Malagidris Bolton & Fisher, 2014
 - Mayriella Forel, 1902
 - Melissotarsus Emery, 1877
 - 突胸家蟻屬 Meranoplus Smith, 1853
 - 短腰家蟻屬 Metapone Forel, 1911
 - 黑艷家蟻屬 Myrmecina Curtis, 1829
 - Myrmisaraka Bolton & Fisher, 2014
 - Nesomyrmex Wheeler, 1910
 - Ocymyrmex Emery, 1886
 - †Oxyidris Wilson, 1985
 - †Parameranoplus Wheeler, 1915
 - 細腰家蟻屬 華麗蟻屬 Paratopula Wheeler, 1919
 - Perissomyrmex Smith, 1947
 - Peronomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1922
 - Podomyrma Smith, 1859
 - Poecilomyrma Mann, 1921
 - 雙針家蟻屬 Pristomyrmex Mayr, 1866
 - Proatta Forel, 1912
 - Propodilobus Branstetter, 2009
 - Recurvidris Bolton, 1992
 - 粗跗家蟻屬 Rhopalomastix Forel, 1900
 - Romblonella Wheeler, 1935
 - Rostromyrmex Rosciszewski, 1994
 - Rotastruma Bolton, 1991
 - Royidris Bolton & Fisher, 2014
 - Secostruma Bolton, 1988
 - Stereomyrmex Emery, 1901
 - †Stigmomyrmex Mayr, 1868
 - †Stiphromyrmex Wheeler, 1915
 - 圓顎切葉蟻屬 Strongylognathus Mayr, 1853 暫無台灣譯名
 - Temnothorax Mayr, 1861
 - Terataner Emery, 1912
 - Tetheamyrma Bolton, 1991
 - 皺家蟻屬 Tetramorium Mayr, 1855
 - Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865
 - Vitsika Bolton & Fisher, 2014
 - 網家蟻屬 Vollenhovia Mayr, 1865
 - Vombisidris Bolton, 1991
 - 異家蟻屬 Xenomyrmex Forel, 1885
 
 - 家蟻族 Myrmicini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
- Manica Jurine, 1807
 - 家蟻屬 Myrmica Latreille, 1804
 - †Plesiomyrmex Dlussky & Radchenko, 2009
 - †原家蟻屬 †Protomyrmica Dlussky & Radchenko, 2009
 
 - 毛收割家蟻族 Pogonomyrmecini Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2014
- Hylomyrma Forel, 1912
 - 毛收割家蟻屬 Pogonomyrmex Mayr, 1868
 
 - 火家蟻族 Solenopsidini Forel, 1893
- 密家蟻屬 Adelomyrmex Emery, 1897
 - Anillomyrma Emery, 1913
 - Austromorium Shattuck, 2009
 - Baracidris Bolton, 1981
 - Bariamyrma Lattke, 1990
 - Bondroitia Forel, 1911
 - Cryptomyrmex Fernández, 2004
 - Dolopomyrmex Cover & Deyrup, 2007
 - Epelysidris Bolton, 1987
 - Kempfidris Fernández, Feitosa & Lattke, 2014
 - 大蟻屬 Megalomyrmex Forel, 1885 暫無台灣譯名
 - 單家蟻屬 Monomorium Mayr, 1855
 - 脊紅蟻屬 Myrmicaria Saunders, 1842 暫無台灣譯名
 - Oxyepoecus Santschi, 1926
 - Rogeria Emery, 1894
 - 火家蟻屬 Solenopsis Westwood, 1840
 - 頂蟻屬 Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912 暫無台灣譯名
 - 脊蟻屬 Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915 暫無台灣譯名
 - Tropidomyrmex Silva, Feitosa, Brandão & Diniz, 2009
 - 暴蟻屬 Tyrannomyrmex Fernández, 2003 暫無台灣譯名
 
 - 盲長家蟻族 Stenammini Ashmead, 1905
 - 地位未定 incertae sedis
- †Afromyrma Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn, 2004
 - †Agastomyrma Dlussky, Rasnitsyn & Perfilieva, 2015
 - †Bilobomyrma Radchenko & Dlussky, 2013
 - †Biamomyrma Dlussky, Rasnitsyn & Perfilieva, 2015
 - †Boltonidris Radchenko & Dlussky, 2012
 - †Brachytarsites Hong, 2002
 - †Cephalomyrmex Carpenter, 1930
 - †Clavipetiola Hong, 2002
 - †Electromyrmex Wheeler, 1910
 - †Eocenidris Wilson, 1985
 - †Eomyrmex Hong, 1974
 - †Fallomyrma Dlussky & Radchenko, 2006
 - †Fushunomyrmex Hong, 2002
 - †Ilemomyrmex Wilson, 1985
 - †Miosolenopsis Zhang, 1989
 - †Myrmecites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
 - †Orbigastrula Hong, 2002
 - †Quadrulicapito Hong, 2002
 - †Quineangulicapito Hong, 2002
 - †Sinomyrmex Hong, 2002
 - †Solenopsites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
 - †Sphaerogasterites Hong, 2002
 - †Wumyrmex Hong, 2002
 - †Zhangidris Bolton, 2003
 
 
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參考資料
外部連結
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