热门问题
时间线
聊天
视角
各國生態足跡列表
維基媒體列表條目 来自维基百科,自由的百科全书
Remove ads
以下是各國生態足跡列表。該表基於1961年至2013年的數據,數據來源於全球足跡網絡於2016年發布的國家足跡帳戶。數字以每人全球公頃(英語:Global hectare) (gha) 表示。2016年的世界平均生態足跡為每人2.75全球公頃(英語:Global hectare)(總計226億)。而世界平均生物承載力為每人1.63全球公頃(總計122億),這導致全球生態赤字為每人1.1全球公頃(總計104億)。[1]

| x ≤ −9 −9 < x ≤ −8 −8 < x ≤ −7 −7 < x ≤ −6 −6 < x ≤ −5 | −5 < x ≤ −4 −4 < x ≤ −3 −3 < x ≤ −2 −2 < x ≤ −1 −1 < x < 0 | 0 ≤ x < 2 2 ≤ x < 4 4 ≤ x < 6 6 ≤ x < 8 8 ≤ x 資料不可用 |
對人類而言,生態足跡小於地球的生物承載力是可持續性的必要條件。畢竟,生態過度使用僅可能是暫時的。如果一個國家每人消耗超過1.73全球公頃的資源需求,則在每個國家同時超過該消耗水平的情況下,這種需求在全球範圍內是不可持續的。即使生態足跡低於每人1.73全球公頃的國家,也可能並不真正可持續:足跡的質量仍可能導致長期的生態破壞。如果一個國家在其自身領土內沒有足夠的生態資源來滿足其人口的足跡需求,那麼它就處於生態赤字狀態,被稱為「生態負債國」。否則,它擁有生態盈餘,稱為「生態儲備國」。[1]在很大程度上,生物承載力與水資源的可獲得性相關。
Remove ads
國家與地區
此下方表格基於2012年的結果(2016版國家足跡帳戶)。最新版本(2021年),由約克大學[2]、足跡數據基金會[3]以及全球足跡網絡共同製作,可在全球足跡網絡的網站 http://data.footprintnetwork.org 上查閱。請注意,此列表僅包含188個國家,涵蓋了大多數擁有超過一百萬人口的國家。
更多資訊 排名, 國家/地區 ...
| 排名 | 國家/地區 | 生態足跡 | 生物承載力 | 生物承載力赤字或儲備 | 人口 (百萬) |
總生物承載力赤字或儲備 (gMha) | 生物承載力等於生態足跡所需人口 (百萬) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (gha/人) | |||||||
| 全球 | 2.75 | 1.63 | -1.12 | 7753 | -10400 | 2500 | |
| 1 | 15.82 | 1.68 | −14.14 | 0.63 | −7.35 | 0.055221 | |
| 2 | 11.88 | 0.57 | −11.31 | 0.17 | −1.13 | 0.004798 | |
| 3 | 10.8 | 1.24 | −9.56 | 2.05 | −19.60 | 0.235373343 | |
| 4 | 9.31 | 16.57 | 7.26 | 23.05 | 167.34 | 41.02454 | |
| 5 | 8.4 | 3.76 | −4.64 | 329.5 | −1416.05 | 145.2311 | |
| 6 | 8.17 | 16.01 | 7.83 | 38 | 272.80 | 68.27275 | |
| 7 | 8.13 | 0.55 | −7.58 | 3.25 | −24.64 | 0.219865 | |
| 8 | 7.97 | 0.05 | −7.92 | 5.3 | −41.98 | 0.03325 | |
| 9 | 7.93 | 0.56 | −7.37 | 65.648 | −483.83 | 4.635924 | |
| 10 | 7.92 | 1.56 | −6.36 | 1.34 | −8.52 | 0.263939 | |
| 11 | 7.78 | 1.36 | −6.42 | 0.005 | −0.03 | 0.000874 | |
| 12 | 7.52 | 1.92 | −5.6 | 3.31 | −18.54 | 0.845106 | |
| 13 | 7.49 | 0.58 | −6.91 | 1.32 | −9.12 | 0.102216 | |
| 14 | 7.44 | 1.19 | −6.25 | 11.6 | −69.13 | 1.769005 | |
| 15 | 7.25 | 10.62 | 3.38 | 9.51 | 32.14 | 13.93051 | |
| 16 | 6.86 | 10.53 | 3.67 | 1.29 | 4.73 | 1.980131 | |
| 17 | 6.84 | 9.55 | 2.71 | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.516594 | |
| 18 | 6.29 | 9.55 | 3.26 | 2.06 | 6.72 | 3.127663 | |
| 19 | 6.22 | 0.35 | −5.87 | 9.1 | −44.85 | 0.429904 | |
| 20 | 6.08 | 15.66 | 9.58 | 2.8 | 26.82 | 7.211842 | |
| 21 | 6.06 | 3.07 | −3 | 8.46 | −25.38 | 4.285842 | |
| 22 | 5.93 | 1.0 | −4.13 | 23.6 | 1.00 | 3.979764 | |
| 22 | 5.87 | 13.44 | 7.57 | 5.41 | 40.95 | 12.38678 | |
| 23 | 5.83 | 5.67 | −0.17 | 3.03 | −0.52 | 2.946844 | |
| 24 | 5.81 | 2.35 | −3.47 | 2.07 | −7.18 | 0.837263 | |
| 25 | 5.79 | 1.3 | −4.48 | 8 | −35.84 | 1.7962 | |
| 26 | 5.77 | 0.13 | −5.64 | 0.06 | −0.34 | 0.001352 | |
| 27 | 5.69 | 0.68 | −5.01 | 49 | −245.49 | 5.855888 | |
| 28 | 5.69 | 6.79 | 1.1 | 143.17 | 157.49 | 170.8479 | |
| 29 | 5.65 | 0.32 | −5.33 | 0.06 | −0.32 | 0.003398 | |
| 30 | 5.61 | 0.5 | −5.12 | 28.29 | −144.84 | 2.52139 | |
| 31 | 5.6 | 10.14 | 4.54 | 4.46 | 20.25 | 8.075786 | |
| 32 | 5.57 | 3.73 | −1.83 | 4.58 | −8.38 | 3.067038 | |
| 33 | 5.55 | 3.41 | −2.14 | 16.27 | −34.82 | 9.996523 | |
| 34 | 5.51 | 4.78 | −0.73 | 5.6 | −4.09 | 4.858076 | |
| 35 | 5.47 | 2.79 | −2.68 | 5.17 | −13.86 | 2.636984 | |
| 36 | 5.38 | 0.94 | −4.44 | 0.09 | −0.40 | 0.015725 | |
| 37 | 5.3 | 2.27 | −3.02 | 82.8 | −250.06 | 35.4634 | |
| 38 | 5.28 | 1.17 | −4.11 | 16.71 | −68.68 | 3.702784 | |
| 39 | 5.19 | 2.46 | −2.73 | 10.66 | −29.10 | 5.052717 | |
| 40 | 5.14 | 3.11 | −2.04 | 63.98 | −130.52 | 38.71163 | |
| 41 | 5.09 | 3.64 | −1.45 | 9.4 | −13.63 | 6.7222 | |
| 42 | 5.02 | 0.72 | −4.3 | 127.25 | −547.18 | 18.251 | |
| 43 | 4.98 | 8.18 | 3.19 | 4.99 | 15.92 | 8.196426 | |
| 44 | 4.94 | 0.62 | −4.31 | 0.05 | −0.22 | 0.006275 | |
| 45 | 4.94 | 1.32 | −3.62 | 6.30 | −22.82 | 1.683401 | |
| 46 | 4.84 | 5.27 | 0.43 | 0.74 | 0.32 | 0.805744 | |
| 47 | 4.73 | 1.37 | −3.36 | 0.27 | −0.91 | 0.078203 | |
| 48 | 4.61 | 1.08 | −3.53 | 60.92 | −215.05 | 14.27193 | |
| 49 | 4.48 | 0.19 | −4.29 | 0.28 | −1.20 | 0.011875 | |
| 50 | 4.44 | 2.08 | −2.36 | 38.21 | −90.18 | 17.90018 | |
| 51 | 4.38 | 1.61 | −2.77 | 11.12 | −30.80 | 4.087489 | |
| 52 | 4.36 | 3.63 | −0.73 | 17.46 | −12.75 | 14.53665 | |
| 53 | 4.25 | 89.33 | 85.08 | 0.54 | 45.94 | 11.35016 | |
| 54 | 4.21 | 0.34 | −3.87 | 1.13 | −4.37 | 0.091259 | |
| 55 | 4.16 | 10.52 | 6.36 | 6.69 | 42.55 | 16.91798 | |
| 56 | 4.06 | 2.87 | −1.19 | 0.41 | −0.49 | 0.289828 | |
| 57 | 4.06 | 2.71 | −1.35 | 5.45 | −7.36 | 3.637808 | |
| 58 | 3.97 | 4.4 | 0.44 | 0.74 | 0.33 | 0.820151 | |
| 59 | 3.92 | 2.8 | −1.12 | 4.31 | −4.83 | 3.078571 | |
| 60 | 3.88 | 1.51 | −2.37 | 10.6 | −25.12 | 4.125258 | |
| 61 | 3.84 | 0.33 | −3.51 | 4.65 | −16.32 | 0.399609 | |
| 62 | 3.83 | 3.47 | −0.35 | 2 | −0.70 | 1.81201 | |
| 63 | 3.78 | 3.24 | −0.54 | 0.62 | −0.33 | 0.531429 | |
| 64 | 3.71 | 2.41 | −1.3 | 29.24 | −38.01 | 18.99418 | |
| 65 | 3.69 | 0.7 | −3 | 6.16 | −18.48 | 1.168564 | |
| 66 | 3.67 | 1.25 | −2.42 | 46.76 | −113.16 | 15.92643 | |
| 67 | 3.65 | 0.18 | −3.47 | 0.86 | −2.98 | 0.042411 | |
| 68 | 3.58 | 7.67 | 4.09 | 0.25 | 1.02 | 0.535615 | |
| 69 | 3.57 | 2.78 | −0.79 | 29.96 | −23.67 | 23.3302 | |
| 70 | 3.46 | 0.71 | −2.75 | 1.24 | −3.41 | 0.254451 | |
| 71 | 3.38 | 0.94 | −2.44 | 1402 | −3435.62 | 391.5851 | |
| 72 | 3.33 | 1.52 | −1.81 | 74 | −133.94 | 33.77778 | |
| 73 | 3.32 | 2.86 | −0.46 | 7.28 | −3.35 | 6.271325 | |
| 74 | 3.31 | 1.15 | −2.16 | 52.39 | −113.16 | 18.20196 | |
| 75 | 3.26 | 1.51 | −1.75 | 2.11 | −3.69 | 0.977331 | |
| 76 | 3.23 | 0.45 | −2.77 | 0.46 | −1.27 | 0.064087 | |
| 77 | 3.14 | 6.92 | 3.78 | 41.09 | 155.32 | 90.55503 | |
| 78 | 3.12 | 1.63 | −1.49 | 3.83 | −5.71 | 2.000929 | |
| 79 | 3.11 | 9.08 | 5.97 | 198.66 | 1186.00 | 580.0105 | |
| 80 | 3.11 | 1.26 | −1.85 | 0.11 | −0.20 | 0.044566 | |
| 81 | 3.07 | 66.58 | 63.51 | 0.8 | 50.81 | 17.34984 | |
| 82 | 2.98 | 1.96 | −1.01 | 0.1 | −0.10 | 0.065772 | |
| 83 | 2.96 | 16.73 | 13.77 | 10.5 | 144.59 | 59.34628 | |
| 84 | 2.94 | 0.19 | −2.76 | 0.01 | −0.03 | 0.000646 | |
| 85 | 2.92 | 2.17 | −0.75 | 9.98 | −7.49 | 7.416644 | |
| 86 | 2.91 | 10.32 | 7.41 | 3.4 | 25.19 | 12.05773 | |
| 87 | 2.9 | 2.37 | −0.52 | 0.88 | −0.46 | 0.719172 | |
| 88 | 2.89 | 1.27 | −1.62 | 120.85 | −195.78 | 53.10709 | |
| 89 | 2.86 | 2.05 | −0.81 | 0.03 | −0.02 | 0.021503 | |
| 90 | 2.84 | 1.53 | −1.31 | 4.8 | −6.29 | 2.585915 | |
| 91 | 2.84 | 2.27 | −0.58 | 45.53 | −26.41 | 36.39194 | |
| 92 | 2.79 | 0.9 | −1.89 | 76.42 | −144.43 | 24.65161 | |
| 93 | 2.79 | 2.94 | 0.15 | 3.8 | 0.57 | 4.004301 | |
| 94 | 2.77 | 1.93 | −0.85 | 0.19 | −0.16 | 0.132383 | |
| 95 | 2.71 | 2.32 | −0.39 | 21.76 | −8.49 | 18.62849 | |
| 96 | 2.7 | 1.25 | −1.44 | 9.55 | −13.75 | 4.421296 | |
| 97 | 2.7 | 1.48 | −1.22 | 0.1 | −0.12 | 0.054815 | |
| 98 | 2.66 | 1.24 | −1.42 | 66.78 | −94.83 | 31.13053 | |
| 99 | 2.57 | 1.03 | −1.54 | 0.07 | −0.11 | 0.028054 | |
| 100 | 2.54 | 4.48 | 1.93 | 3.8 | 7.33 | 6.702362 | |
| 101 | 2.52 | 0.62 | −1.9 | 0.49 | −0.93 | 0.120556 | |
| 102 | 2.48 | 6.88 | 4.4 | 2.26 | 9.94 | 6.269677 | |
| 103 | 2.45 | 0.34 | −2.1 | 0.18 | −0.38 | 0.02498 | |
| 104 | 2.34 | 111.35 | 109.01 | 0.24 | 26.16 | 11.42051 | |
| 105 | 2.34 | 0.93 | −1.4 | 10.88 | −15.23 | 4.324103 | |
| 106 | 2.32 | 0.92 | −1.4 | 28.54 | −39.96 | 11.31759 | |
| 107 | 2.31 | 0.85 | −1.46 | 9.31 | −13.59 | 3.425758 | |
| 108 | 2.28 | 3.97 | 1.69 | 29.99 | 50.68 | 52.21943 | |
| 109 | 2.23 | 0.89 | −1.35 | 2.97 | −4.01 | 1.185336 | |
| 110 | 2.21 | 1.18 | −1.03 | 3.16 | −3.25 | 1.68724 | |
| 111 | 2.19 | 0.77 | −1.42 | 0.86 | −1.22 | 0.302374 | |
| 112 | 2.17 | 2.2 | 0.03 | 15.49 | 0.46 | 15.70415 | |
| 113 | 2.15 | 0.56 | −1.59 | 80.72 | −128.34 | 21.02474 | |
| 114 | 2.12 | 0.59 | −1.53 | 38.48 | −58.87 | 10.70906 | |
| 115 | 2.1 | 0.21 | −1.89 | 7.01 | −13.25 | 0.701 | |
| 116 | 2.08 | 0.39 | −1.7 | 0.4 | −0.68 | 0.075 | |
| 117 | 2.07 | 0.61 | −1.46 | 6.3 | −9.20 | 1.856522 | |
| 118 | 2.07 | 1.51 | −0.56 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.007295 | |
| 119 | 2.02 | 26.31 | 24.29 | 1.63 | 39.59 | 21.23035 | |
| 120 | 2.01 | 0.88 | −1.14 | 1.23 | −1.40 | 0.538507 | |
| 121 | 1.97 | 1.35 | −0.62 | 25.37 | −15.73 | 17.38553 | |
| 122 | 1.95 | 0.76 | −1.19 | 11.27 | −13.41 | 4.39241 | |
| 123 | 1.91 | 1.3 | −0.61 | 5.47 | −3.34 | 3.723037 | |
| 124 | 1.91 | 3.92 | 2.01 | 7.17 | 14.41 | 14.71539 | |
| 125 | 1.89 | 0.99 | −0.9 | 15.08 | −13.57 | 7.899048 | |
| 126 | 1.89 | 0.43 | −1.46 | 2.77 | −4.04 | 0.630212 | |
| 127 | 1.88 | 0.29 | −1.59 | 32.78 | −52.12 | 5.056489 | |
| 128 | 1.87 | 3.6 | 1.72 | 47.7 | 82.04 | 91.82888 | |
| 129 | 1.78 | 0.8 | −0.98 | 3.51 | −3.44 | 1.577528 | |
| 130 | 1.68 | 1.77 | 0.09 | 7.94 | 0.71 | 8.365357 | |
| 131 | 1.68 | 0.71 | −0.96 | 32.52 | −31.22 | 13.74357 | |
| 132 | 1.66 | 0.78 | −0.87 | 2.05 | −1.78 | 0.963253 | |
| 133 | 1.65 | 1 | −0.65 | 90.8 | −59.02 | 55.0303 | |
| 134 | 1.58 | 1.17 | −0.41 | 4.36 | −1.79 | 3.228608 | |
| 135 | 1.58 | 1.26 | −0.32 | 246.86 | −79.00 | 196.863 | |
| 136 | 1.56 | 1.24 | −0.32 | 17.16 | −5.49 | 13.64 | |
| 137 | 1.53 | 0.56 | −0.97 | 10.28 | −9.97 | 3.762614 | |
| 138 | 1.53 | 3.03 | 1.49 | 1.66 | 2.47 | 3.287451 | |
| 139 | 1.53 | 1.58 | 0.05 | 14.85 | 0.74 | 15.33529 | |
| 140 | 1.51 | 0.6 | −0.91 | 21.89 | −19.92 | 8.698013 | |
| 141 | 1.49 | 0.87 | −0.61 | 0.19 | −0.12 | 0.11094 | |
| 142 | 1.46 | 2.03 | 0.57 | 12.45 | 7.10 | 17.31062 | |
| 143 | 1.43 | 1.84 | 0.41 | 52.8 | 21.65 | 67.93846 | |
| 144 | 1.41 | 0.88 | −0.53 | 10.05 | −5.33 | 6.27234 | |
| 145 | 1.41 | 2.09 | 0.68 | 11.45 | 7.79 | 16.97199 | |
| 146 | 1.39 | 2.25 | 0.87 | 5.99 | 5.21 | 9.696043 | |
| 147 | 1.37 | 0.62 | −0.75 | 13.72 | −10.29 | 6.209051 | |
| 148 | 1.32 | 0.44 | −0.88 | 21.1 | −18.57 | 7.033333 | |
| 149 | 1.32 | 1.08 | −0.24 | 47.78 | −11.47 | 39.09273 | |
| 150 | 1.29 | 10.91 | 9.63 | 4.34 | 41.97 | 36.70496 | |
| 151 | 1.29 | 4.36 | 3.08 | 0.55 | 1.69 | 1.858915 | |
| 152 | 1.27 | 1.78 | 0.51 | 19.84 | 10.12 | 27.80724 | |
| 153 | 1.24 | 7.87 | 6.62 | 4.53 | 29.99 | 28.75089 | |
| 154 | 1.24 | 1.24 | 0 | 5.98 | 0.00 | 5.98 | |
| 155 | 1.24 | 1.27 | 0.03 | 10.2 | 0.31 | 10.44677 | |
| 156 | 1.24 | 0.59 | −0.66 | 36.35 | −23.99 | 17.29556 | |
| 157 | 1.22 | 1.62 | 0.4 | 6.65 | 2.66 | 8.830328 | |
| 158 | 1.21 | 0.98 | −0.22 | 16.46 | −3.62 | 13.33124 | |
| 159 | 1.21 | 1.09 | −0.11 | 14.86 | −1.63 | 13.38628 | |
| 160 | 1.21 | 2.57 | 1.35 | 4.19 | 5.66 | 8.899421 | |
| 161 | 1.21 | 1.05 | −0.16 | 13.73 | −2.20 | 11.91446 | |
| 162 | 1.17 | 1.69 | 0.52 | 21.7 | 11.28 | 31.34444 | |
| 163 | 1.17 | 0.6 | −0.57 | 24.76 | −14.11 | 12.69744 | |
| 164 | 1.16 | 0.45 | −0.71 | 1380 | −878.05 | 479.7504 | |
| 165 | 1.16 | 0.7 | −0.47 | 168.83 | −79.35 | 101.8802 | |
| 166 | 1.13 | 0.53 | −0.6 | 6.64 | −3.98 | 3.114336 | |
| 167 | 1.1 | 0.54 | −0.56 | 96.71 | −54.16 | 47.47582 | |
| 168 | 1.03 | 0.32 | −0.7 | 0.72 | −0.50 | 0.223689 | |
| 169 | 1.03 | 0.82 | −0.21 | 1.79 | −0.38 | 1.425049 | |
| 170 | 1.03 | 0.51 | −0.52 | 43.18 | −22.45 | 21.38039 | |
| 171 | 1.03 | 0.5 | −0.53 | 23.85 | −12.64 | 11.57767 | |
| 172 | 1.02 | 0.58 | −0.44 | 91.73 | −40.36 | 52.1602 | |
| 173 | 0.99 | 2.63 | 1.64 | 22.29 | 36.56 | 59.21485 | |
| 174 | 0.99 | 2.23 | 1.24 | 14.08 | 17.46 | 31.71556 | |
| 175 | 0.98 | 0.59 | −0.38 | 27.47 | −10.44 | 16.53806 | |
| 176 | 0.93 | 2.55 | 1.61 | 20.82 | 35.52 | 57.0871 | |
| 177 | 0.91 | 0.53 | −0.38 | 8.01 | −3.04 | 4.665165 | |
| 178 | 0.87 | 2.06 | 1.19 | 25.2 | 29.99 | 59.66897 | |
| 179 | 0.87 | 0.54 | −0.32 | 11.46 | −3.67 | 7.113103 | |
| 180 | 0.82 | 3.07 | 2.25 | 65.7 | 147.83 | 245.9744 | |
| 181 | 0.81 | 0.66 | −0.15 | 15.91 | −2.39 | 12.9637 | |
| 182 | 0.8 | 0.32 | −0.48 | 9.85 | −4.73 | 3.94 | |
| 183 | 0.79 | 0.5 | −0.3 | 29.82 | −8.95 | 18.87342 | |
| 184 | 0.79 | 0.35 | −0.44 | 179.16 | −78.83 | 79.37468 | |
| 185 | 0.72 | 0.38 | −0.35 | 154.7 | −54.15 | 81.64722 | |
| 186 | 0.61 | 0.27 | −0.34 | 10.17 | −3.46 | 4.501475 | |
| 187 | 0.48 | 1.78 | 1.3 | 1.11 | 1.44 | 4.11625 | |
| 188 | 0.49 | 1.3 | 0.88 | 6.13 | 5.39 | 16.26327 | |
關閉
*假設當人口變化時,每人生物承載力和生態足跡不會改變。
Remove ads
參考資料
Wikiwand - on
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Remove ads
Remove ads
