2010年航天活动列表

2010年航天活动
	2010年12月8日，龙飞船搭乘猎鹰9号火箭完成首飞
轨道发射
首次	1月16日
末次	12月29日
总计	74
成功	70
失败	4
部分失败	0
标识符	70
火箭
处女航	宇宙神5号501构型; 宇宙神5号531构型; 猎鹰9号1.0版本; GSLVMk. II型; 米諾陶4號
退役	德尔塔2号7420构型; 闪电-M（英语：Molniya-M）; 宇宙3號M型
载人航天
轨道飞行次数	7
载人航天人数合计	31
	查; 论; 编;

2010年，全球航天活动中出现了许多重大事件。包括用于商业轨道运输服务（英语：Commercial Orbital Transportation Services）的SpaceX 龙飞船的首次飞行，该飞船旨在为国际空间站运输补给，以及猎鹰9号和米諾陶4號运载火箭的首飞。2010年6月，韩国进行了第二次罗老运载火箭的发射，该火箭在2009年首飞失败；然而，第二次尝试也失败了。宇宙3號M型運載火箭退役，于4月进行了其最后一次飞行；在9月进行了最后一次飞行后，闪电-M运载火箭（英语：Molniya-M）也宣布退役。^[1]

事实速览 轨道发射, 首次 ...

事实速览

[1]

日期 (UTC)	航天器	事件	备注
12 January	Cassini	65th flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 1,073 km（667 mi）
28 January	Cassini	66th flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 7,490 km（4,654 mi）
31 January	Artemis P1	Lunar flyby	Closest approach: 11,992 km（7,451 mi） at 08:13 UTC^[115]
1 February	Artemis P2	Lunar flyby	Closest approach: 69,222 km（43,013 mi） at 14:44 UTC^[115]
13 February	Artemis P1	Lunar flyby	Closest approach: 2,958 km（1,838 mi） at 10:06 UTC^[115]
13 February	Cassini	Flyby of Mimas	Closest approach: 9,520 km（5,915 mi）
16 February	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 991 km（616 mi）
22 February	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 574 km（357 mi）
25 February	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 398 km（247 mi）
28 February	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 226 km（140 mi）
1 March	Artemis P2	Lunar flyby	Closest approach: 68,036 km（42,276 mi） at 04:11 UTC^[115]
2 March	Cassini	2nd flyby of Rhea	Closest approach: 100 km（62 mi）
3 March	Cassini	Flyby of Helene	Closest approach: 1,803 km（1,120 mi）
3 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 67 km（42 mi）
7 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 107 km（66 mi）
10 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 286 km（178 mi）
13 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 476 km（296 mi）
16 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 662 km（411 mi）
19 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 848 km（527 mi）
23 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 1,341 km（833 mi）
26 March	Mars Express	Flyby of Phobos	Closest approach: 1,304 km（810 mi）
28 March	Artemis P2	Lunar flyby	Closest approach: 9,366 km（5,820 mi） at 07:34 UTC^[115]
5 April	Cassini	67th flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 7,462 km（4,637 mi）
7 April	Cassini	2nd flyby of Dione	Closest approach: 504 km（313 mi）
28 April	Cassini	9th flyby of Enceladus	Closest approach: 103 km（64 mi）
18 May	Cassini	10th flyby of Enceladus	Closest approach: 201 km（125 mi）
20 May	Cassini	68th flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 1,400 km（870 mi）
5 June	Cassini	69th flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 2,044 km（1,270 mi）
13 June	Hayabusa	First sample return mission from asteroid	Sample canister successful recovered to Earth
21 June	Cassini	70th flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 955 km（593 mi）
7 July	Cassini	71st flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 1,005 km（624 mi）
10 July	Rosetta	Flyby of 21 Lutetia	Closest approach: 3,100 km（1,926 mi）^[116]
13 August	Cassini	11th flyby of Enceladus	Closest approach: 2,554 km（1,587 mi）
25 August	Artemis P1	LL2 orbit insertion
24 September	Cassini	72nd flyby of Titan	Closest approach: 8,175 km（5,080 mi）
6 October	Chang'e 2	Lunar orbit insertion
16 October	Cassini	Flyby of Pallene	Closest approach: 36,000 km（22,369 mi）
22 October	Artemis P2	LL1 orbit insertion
4 November	Deep Impact	Flyby of Hartley 2	Closest approach: 700 km（435 mi）^[117]
11 November	Cassini	73rd flyby of Titan
30 November	Cassini	12th flyby of Enceladus	Closest approach: 47.9 km（30 mi）
7 December	Akatsuki	1st flyby of Venus	Cytherocentric orbit insertion failure Closest approach: 550 km（342 mi）
8 December	IKAROS	Flyby of Venus	Closest approach: 80,800 km（50,207 mi）
21 December	Cassini	13th flyby of Enceladus	Closest approach: 50 km（31 mi）
December	Shin'en	Flyby of Venus	not confirmed.

开始时间	持续时间	结束时间	航天器	乘组	工作内容
14 January 10:05	5 hours 44 minutes	15:49	Expedition 22 ISS Pirs	Oleg Kotov Maksim Surayev	Prepared the Poisk module for future dockings.^[118]^[119]
12 February 02:17	6 hours 32 minutes	08:49	STS-130 ISS Quest	Robert L. Behnken Nicholas Patrick	Removed a protective cover on a port on the Unity node where Tranquility was berthed halfway through the spacewalk. The pair then transferred a spare parts platform for the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator from the shuttle to the station. Once that task is completed Behnken and Patrick made several connections on the newly installed Tranquility node to begin its activation.^[120]^[121]
14 February 02:20	5 hours 54 minutes	08:14	STS-130 ISS Quest	Robert L. Behnken Nicholas Patrick	Installed ammonia plumbing and connectors between Unity, Destiny and Tranquility and covered them with thermal insulation. Prepared the nadir port on Tranquility for the relocation of the Cupola, and installed handrails on the exterior of Tranquility.^[122]^[123]
17 February 02:15	5 hours 48 minutes	08:03	STS-130 ISS Quest	Robert L. Behnken Nicholas Patrick	Installed additional ammonia plumbing between Unity and Tranquility, removed insulation and launch locks from the Cupola, installed additional handrails on the exterior of Tranquility and performed get-ahead tasks to support the installation of a Power Data Grapple Fixture (PDGF) on the exterior of Zarya with cable installation on Unity and the S0 truss.^[124]^[125]
9 April 05:31	6 hours 27 minutes	11:58	STS-131 ISS Quest	Richard Mastracchio Clayton Anderson	Relocated new an ammonia tank from the Shuttle's payload bay to a temporary stowage location and disconnected the fluid lines to the old ammonia tank on the S1 truss. Retrieved a Japanese seed experiment from the exterior of the Kibo laboratory for return to earth and replaced a failed gyroscope on the S0 truss. Performed get-ahead tasks including the opening of a window flap on the zenith CBM of Harmony, and removed launch restraint bolts from a Flex Hose Rotary Coupler (FHRC) on the P1 truss.^[126]^[127]
11 April 05:30	7 hours 26 minutes	12:56	STS-131 ISS Quest	Richard Mastracchio Clayton Anderson	The old ammonia tank was removed from the S1 truss and was replaced with the new tank. The electrical connections to the tank were made, but the fluid lines were deferred to the mission's third EVA due to time constraints since the installation was prolonged by a problem with the bolts that hold the tank to the truss. The old tank was relocated to a temporary stowage location on the station and a foot restraint was relocated in preparation for a future shuttle mission's spacewalk.^[128]^[129]
13 April 06:14	6 hours 24 minutes	12:36	STS-131 ISS Quest	Richard Mastracchio Clayton Anderson	The fluid lines were connected to the new ammonia tank and the old tank was moved to the shuttle's payload bay for return to Earth. Micro-meteoroid debris shields from the Quest airlock which were no longer necessary were brought inside the airlock for return to Earth inside the Leonardo MPLM. The Z1 truss was prepared for the installation of a spare antenna on the next shuttle mission, and a foot restraint was relocated in preparation for a future spacewalk. The retrieval of an external carrier plate on Columbus was deferred to another shuttle mission due to time constraints after problems were encountered with attaching the old ammonia tank to a carrier in the payload bay, and several other tasks were deferred to later EVAs due to the replanning from the problems with the mission's second EVA.^[130]^[131]
17 May 11:54	7 hours 25 minutes	19:19	STS-132 ISS Quest	Garrett Reisman Stephen G. Bowen	Installed a spare space-to-ground Ku-band antenna on the Z1 truss; installed new tool platform on Dextre, and broke torque on bolts holding replacement batteries to the ICC-VLD cargo carrier.^[132]^[133]
19 May 10:38	7 hours 9 minutes	17:47	STS-132 ISS Quest	Stephen G. Bowen Michael T. Good	Repaired Atlantis' Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS); P6 battery replacement (4 of 6 units); and removed gimbal locks from the Ku-band antenna installed on the first EVA of the mission.^[134]^[135]
21 May 10:27	6 hours 46 minutes	17:13	STS-132 ISS Quest	Michael T. Good Garrett Reisman	P6 battery replacement (final 2 of 6 units); installed ammonia "jumpers" at the P4/P5 interface; retrieved a spare PDGF from Atlantis' payload bay and stowed it inside the Quest airlock. The spacewalkers also replenished supplies of EVA tools in toolboxes on the exterior of the station.^[136]^[137]
27 July 04:11	6 hours 42 minutes	10:53	Expedition 24 ISS Pirs	Fyodor Yurchikhin Mikhail Korniyenko	Replaced an ATV video camera on Zvezda, routed command and data handling lines from Zvezda and Zarya to the new Rassvet module as well as made KURS connections between Rassvet and Zarya to allow future automated dockings to the new module. Then the two cosmonauts jettisoned the old ATV video camera.^[138]^[139]
7 August 11:19	8 hours 3 minutes	19:22	Expedition 24 ISS Quest	Douglas H. Wheelock Tracy Caldwell Dyson	Attempted to replace failed S1 ammonia pump module. The spacewalkers did not complete all of the planned tasks due to a quick disconnect that got stuck and would not release. The pair had to complete a "bake-out" in order to ensure there was no ammonia on their suits before re-entering the Space Station.^[140]^[141]
11 August 12:27	7 hours 26 minutes	19:53	Expedition 24 ISS Quest	Douglas H. Wheelock Tracy Caldwell Dyson	Completed removal of failed pump module from the S1 truss and began installation preparations on the replacement pump.^[142]^[143]
16 August 10:20	7 hours 20 minutes	17:40	Expedition 24 ISS Quest	Douglas H. Wheelock Tracy Caldwell Dyson	Installed new pump module on the S1 truss.^[144]^[145]
15 November 14:55	6 hours 27 minutes	21:22	Expedition 25 ISS Pirs	Fyodor Yurchikhin Oleg Skripochka	Install a multipurpose workstation on Zvezda, retrieve camera, retrieve kontur, install new materials experiment, collect samples below insulation.^[146]^[147]

国家（区域）		发射数	成功数	失败数	备注
	中国	15	15	0
	歐洲	6	6	0
	印度	3	1	2
	以色列	1	1	0
	日本	2	2	0
	韩国	1	0	1	俄罗斯提供技术支持
	俄羅斯	28	27	1
	乌克兰	3	3	0	从俄罗斯发射
	美国	15	15	0
总计		74	70	4

Family	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures
Angara	俄羅斯	1	0	1
Ariane	歐洲	6	6	0
Atlas	美国	4	4	0
Delta	美国	4	4	0
Falcon	美国	2	2	0
GLSV	印度	2	0	2
H-II	日本	2	2	0
Long March	中国	15	15	0
Minotaur	美国	2	2	0
PSLV	印度	1	1	0
R-7	俄羅斯	13	13	0
R-14	俄羅斯	1	1	0
R-36	乌克兰	3	3	0
Shavit	以色列	1	1	0
Space Shuttle	美国	3	3	0
Universal Rocket	俄羅斯	14	13	1

Rocket	Country	Family	Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
Ariane 5	歐洲	Ariane	6	6	0
Atlas V	美国	Atlas	4	4	0
Delta II	美国	Delta	1	1	0
Delta IV	美国	Delta	3	3	0
Dnepr	乌克兰	R-36	3	3	0
Falcon 9	美国	Falcon	2	2	0	Maiden flight
GSLV	印度	GSLV	2	0	2
H-IIA	日本	H-II	2	2	0
Kosmos	俄羅斯	R-12/R-14	1	1	0
Long March 2	中国	Long March	3	3	0
Long March 3	中国	Long March	8	8	0
Long March 4	中国	Long March	4	4	0
Minotaur IV	美国	Minotaur	2	2	0	Maiden flight
Molniya	俄羅斯	R-7	1	1	0	Final flight
Naro	俄羅斯韩国	Angara	1	0	1
Proton	俄羅斯	Universal Rocket	12	11	1
PSLV	印度	PSLV	1	1	0
Shavit	以色列	Shavit	1	1	0
Soyuz	俄羅斯	R-7	10	10	0
Soyuz-2	俄羅斯	R-7	2	2	0
Space Shuttle	美国	Space Shuttle	3	3	0
UR-100	俄羅斯	Universal Rocket	2	2	0

2010年航天活动列表

概述

深空探测

载人航天

发射失败

轨道发射

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

亚轨道发射

深空机动

舱外活动

轨道发射统计

按国家（区域）

按火箭

By family

By type

By configuration

按发射场

按轨道

参考

Wikiwand - on

2010年航天活动列表

航天年表 ← 2009 2011 →

发射时间 (UTC)	运载火箭		火箭编号	发射场		发射服务提供商（英语：List of launch service providers）
		有效载荷 (⚀ = 立方星)	载荷用户	轨道	功能	再入时间 (UTC)	结果
	附注
10 January 23:00:00^[80]	Black Brant IX			San Nicolas		NASA

		MARTI	U.S. Air Force	Suborbital	Target	10 January	Successful
11 January 11:55^[81]	CSS-X-11			Shuangchengzi Space and Missile Center		PLA

			PLA	Suborbital	ABM target	11 January	Successful
	Target
11 January 12:00	SC-19			Korla Missile Test Complex		PLA

			PLA	Suborbital	ABM test	11 January	Successful^[82]
	Interceptor
14 January 06:50^[84]	RH-300 Mk.II			TERLS		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	14 January	Successful
	Apogee: 116 km（72 mi）^[83]
14 January 07:35^[84]	RH-300 Mk. II			TERLS		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	14 January	Successful
	Apogee: 116 km（72 mi）^[83]
14 January^[84] 07:45	RH-560 Mk.II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	14 January	Successful
	Apogee: 548 km（341 mi）^[83]
15 January 06:50^[84]	RH-300 Mk. II			TERLS		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	15 January	Successful
	Apogee: 116 km（72 mi）^[83]
15 January 07:35^[84]	RH-300 Mk. II			TERLS		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	15 January	Successful
	Apogee: 116 km（72 mi）^[83]
15 January 10:30^[84]	RH-300 Mk. II			TERLS		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	15 January	Successful
	Apogee: 116 km（72 mi）^[83]
15 January^[84] 07:45	RH-560 Mk. II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO

			ISRO	Suborbital	Solar/Aeronomy	15 January	Successful

Orbital regime	Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
Transatmospheric	0	0	0
Low Earth	37	36	1	12 to ISS
Medium Earth / Molniya	6	5	1
Geosynchronous / GTO	29	27	2
High Earth / Lunar transfer	1	1	0
Heliocentric / Planetary transfer	1	1	0
Total	74	70	4