The year 1925 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
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- January 1 – Cecilia Payne completes her PhD thesis Stellar Atmospheres: a Contribution to the Observational Study of High Temperature in the Reversing Layers of Stars[1] at Radcliffe College of Harvard University, providing spectral evidence that stars are composed almost entirely of hydrogen with helium, contrary to scientific consensus at the time; however, her findings will be vindicated by 1929 and astronomer Otto Struve will describe her work as "the most brilliant PhD thesis ever written in astronomy".[2]
- January 7 – Gerald Durrell (died 1995), Indian-born British wildlife conservationist.
- January 30 – Douglas Engelbart (died 2013), American pioneer in human–computer interaction.
- February 1 – John F. Yardley (died 2001), American aeronautical engineer.
- February 25 – Elliott Organick (died 1985), American computer scientist and educator.
- February 28 – Louis Nirenberg (died 2020), Canadian-born American mathematician.
- March 1 – Solomon Marcus (died 2016), Romanian mathematician.
- March 20 – David Warren (died 2010), Australian aviation scientist.
- April 12 – Evelyn Berezin (died 2018), American computer scientist.
- May 1 – Scott Carpenter (died 2013), American astronaut.
- May 16 – Nancy Roman (died 2018), American astronomer.
- May 27 – John L. Harper (died 2009), British biologist, specializing in ecology and plant population biology.
- June 17 – Alexander Shulgin (died 2014), American psychopharmacologist.
- July 8 – Norbert Pfennig (died 2008), German microbiologist.
- July 26 – Joseph Engelberger (died 2015), American robotics engineer.
- August 10 – Stanislav Brebera (died 2012), Czech chemist.
- August 19 – Frederic Richards (died 2009), American biochemist and biophysicist known for solving the crystal structure of the ribonuclease S enzyme in 1967 and for defining the concept of solvent-accessible surface.
- September 16 – Eugene Garfield (died 2017), American pioneer of bibliometrics and scientometrics.
- September 27 – Robert Edwards (died 2013), British physiologist and pioneer of in vitro fertilisation, recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- September 28 – Seymour Cray (died 1996), American supercomputer architect.[13]
- September 30 – Arkady Ostashev (died 1998), Soviet, Russian scientist, participant in the launch of the first artificial Earth satellite and the first cosmonaut, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent, laureate of the Lenin and state prizes.
- October 13 – Margaret Roberts (died 2013), chemist and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- October 29 – Klaus Roth (died 2015), German-born mathematician.
- October 31 – John Pople (died 2004), British theoretical chemist, recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- November 16 – Michel Jouvet (died 2017), French oneirologist.
- December 1 – Martin Rodbell (died 1998), American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- December 11 – Paul Greengard (died 2019), American neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Moran, Jeffrey P. (2002). The Scopes Trial: A Brief History with Documents. Bedford/St. Martin's.
Simcock, A. V., ed. (1985). Robert T. Gunther and the Old Ashmolean. Oxford: Museum of the History of Science. ISBN 0-903364-04-2.
Burns, R. W. Television: An International History of the Formative Years. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers. p. 264. ISBN 9780852969144.
U.S. patent 1,745,175 Method and apparatus for controlling electric currents, first filed in Canada, describing a device similar to a MESFET. Granted 28 January 1930. Lee, Thomas H. (2004). The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (New ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 167ff. ISBN 9780521835398.