Hamburg Airport

Hamburg Airport (German: Flughafen Hamburg „Helmut Schmidt”) (IATA: HAM, ICAO: EDDH), is a major international airport in Hamburg, the second-largest city in Germany. Since November 2016 the airport has been named after the former German chancellor Helmut Schmidt. It is located 8.5 km (5.3 mi) north^[2] of the city centre in the Fuhlsbüttel quarter and serves as a hub for Eurowings and focus city for Condor. It was formerly named Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel Airport, a name still frequently used.

Hamburg Airport Flughafen Hamburg
IATA: HAM ICAO: EDDH
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Ministry of Economic Affairs, Transportation and Innovation (City of Hamburg) (51%) AviAlliance (49%)
Operator	Flughafen Hamburg GmbH
Serves	Hamburg Metropolitan Region
Location	Hamburg, Germany
Focus city for	Condor Eurowings Ryanair Wizz Air
Built	1911
Elevation AMSL	53 ft / 16 m
Coordinates	53°37′49″N 009°59′28″E
Website	hamburg-airport.de
Map
HAM Location of Hamburg Airport Show map of Hamburg HAM HAM (Germany) Show map of Germany
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05/23 3,250 10,663 Asphalt 15/33 3,666 12,028 Asphalt
Statistics (2022)
Passengers 11,096,296 +108,6% Aircraft movements 00,109,510 0+57,6% Cargo (metric tons) 00,021,165 00-3,6%
Source: Statistics at ADV.[1], AIP at German air traffic control.[2]

Hamburg Airport is the fifth-busiest of Germany's commercial airports measured by the number of passengers and counted 13.559.732 passengers and 120.315 aircraft movements in 2023.^[3] As of July 2017, it featured flights to more than 130 mostly European metropolitan and leisure destinations^[4] as well as three long-haul routes to Dubai, Doha, and Tehran. The airport is equipped to handle wide-bodied aircraft including the Airbus A380.^[5]

Hamburg's other airport, Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport where the Airbus factory is located, is not open to commercial traffic.

History

Early years

Hamburg Airport in 1968

A Japan Airlines Douglas DC-8 at Hamburg Airport in 1965

A Condor Boeing 727-30 at Hamburg Airport in 1979

Aerial overview of the airport and its surrounding area

The airport was opened in January 1911 from private funding by the Hamburger Luftschiffhallen GmbH (HLG), making it the oldest international airport in the world to still be in operation and the second oldest airport in the country after Tempelhof Airport. The original site comprised 45 hectares, and during its early days was primarily used for airship flights. In 1913 the site was expanded to 60 hectares, the northern part being used for airship operations while the southeast area was used for fixed-wing aircraft.^[6]

During the First World War, the airship hangar was used extensively by the German military, until it was destroyed by fire in 1916.^[6]

During the British occupation, beginning in 1945, the airport was given its current name, Hamburg Airport. It was used extensively during the Berlin Airlift in 1948 as a staging area, as the northern air corridor went between Hamburg and West Berlin.^[6]

When Lufthansa launched passenger operations in 1955, Hamburg was used as a hub until Frankfurt Airport took over due to growth constraints posed by its location in the city. Lufthansa Technik still maintains a large presence at the airport due to the early activities of the airline at the airport.^[6] In October 1959 Pan American World Airways was the first airline to start scheduled service with jet aircraft to Hamburg, the routing was New York – London – Hamburg – Copenhagen flown with Boeing 707.

In the 1960s discussions began with the aim of moving the airport to Heidmoor near Kaltenkirchen. Among the reasons cited were limited expansion possibilities, capacity constraints due to crossing runways, and noise. Lufthansa had introduced the Boeing 707 in 1960, which made more noise than previous piston-engined aircraft. The plans were dropped, owing both to bad experiences in other cities where airports had been moved far from city centres, and to Lufthansa's move to Frankfurt.^[6]

In 1980 Northwest Orient started flights to Hamburg, originating from Minneapolis with a stop in London Gatwick. In 1981 they introduced a second flight from New York JFK via Copenhagen to Hamburg. All flights were operated with Boeing 747 aircraft. After Northwest Orient received traffic rights to serve Frankfurt they discontinued all flights to Hamburg from early 1985.

In April 1985 Pan American World Airways started a daily non-stop flight from New York JFK to Hamburg, operated with Boeing 747. This was Pan Am's first non-stop service from the US to Hamburg. Starting February 1986 Pan Am also used their new long-range Airbus A310-200 on the route, which made it one of the first ETOPS routes across the Atlantic. In 1988 Japan Air Lines suspended their flights from Tokyo to Hamburg after serving the route for 24 years. One year later in 1989 Lufthansa suspended all flights between Hamburg and Tokyo after almost 30 years of service, which was the last route from Hamburg to the far east.

In May 1989 American Airlines started a daily service from New York JFK via Brussels to Hamburg, and Delta Air Lines started a daily service from Atlanta via London Gatwick to Hamburg. American Airlines suspended their service after a year due to shortage of aircraft after the purchase of Eastern Air Lines' South America routes, Delta upgraded the Atlanta flight to a daily non-stop service with an extension to Berlin-Tegel from May 1991, and also served New York JFK – Hamburg from November 1991 after taking over Pan Am's North Atlantic route network.

Development since the 1990s

In March 1990 Lufthansa launched a daily flight from Hamburg to Newark and added another non-stop flight to Miami in 1992. This lasted for only one summer season and was then suspended together with the Newark flight in late 1992, which left Delta Air Lines alone in this market with their Atlanta and New York flights. From early 1993 to late 1994 South African Airways operated flights from Cape Town via Johannesburg and Munich to Hamburg. In the mid 90s Delta Air Lines experienced financial troubles and had to consolidate their fleet and route network. Hamburg was among the cities in Europe that were cut completely in late 1995. From 1996 Canada 3000 started summer seasonal flights to Hamburg, and until their bankruptcy in late 2001 they served Toronto to Hamburg via Halifax and Vancouver to Hamburg via Calgary. In May 1998 Delta Air Lines relaunched daily non-stop flights between Atlanta and Hamburg. However this route only operated until early 2000. A combination of a then too large business class in their Boeing 767-300ER aircraft and the foundation of the SkyTeam alliance made Delta cancel this service again.

In the early 1990s, the airport had begun extensive modernisation. The plan, called HAM21, included a new 500-metre (1,600 ft) pier extension, a new terminal (Terminal 1), and the Airport Plaza between Terminals 1 and 2, which includes a consolidated security area.^[6] The airport's shareholders are the City of Hamburg and AviAlliance.

In May 2005 airTransat started a seasonal flight between Toronto and Hamburg. In June that year Continental Airlines started a daily non-stop flight between Newark and Hamburg, Emirates started its then daily Dubai to Hamburg service in March 2006. In 2011 China Eastern Airlines added Hamburg to their route network. However, due to the lack of traffic rights they could only add an extension to their existing Shanghai to Frankfurt flights. The flight initially operated once a week only, and was later increased to twice a week. The stop in Frankfurt and the low frequency did not appeal enough to business travellers so China Eastern suspended the route in 2013.

The Radisson Blu Hotel Hamburg Airport was added in 2009, combined with new roadside access and a station with connection to the city's rapid transit system (Hamburg S-Bahn).^[6]

In January 2016, TUIfly announced it was leaving Hamburg Airport entirely due to increasing competition from low-cost carriers. While the summer seasonal routes would not resume, all remaining destinations were cancelled by March 2016.^[7] A few weeks later, it was officially announced that the airport was to be named after Helmut Schmidt, a former senator of Hamburg and chancellor of West Germany.^[8] On 10 November 2016, the airport was renamed Hamburg Airport Helmut Schmidt.^[9]

In October 2016, Air Berlin announced the closure of its maintenance facilities at the airport, due to cost-cutting and restructuring measures.^[10]

In June 2017, easyJet announced it would close its base at Hamburg by March 2018 as part of a refocus on other base airports. While over half of the former services were cut, several routes remained in place as they are served from other easyJet bases. In October 2018, United Airlines announced the end of its seasonal service to Newark, leaving the airport with only three long-haul routes, all to the Middle East, and no direct services to North America. The route was inaugurated by Continental Airlines back in 2005 and switched from year-round to seasonal in 2017^[11] Also in October 2018 Emirates switched one of the two daily flights from Dubai to A380-service. This was the first ever commercial A380 service to Hamburg. The second daily flight remains operated by Boeing 777-300ER aircraft.

In January 2020, Ryanair also closed its Hamburg base due to airport operating costs, late delivery of the Boeing 737-Max aircraft, and its general downsizing of its German operations.

2023 hostage incident

On 4–5 November 2023, a hostage incident caused by a custody dispute, wherein an armed man drove onto the tarmac with his 4-year-old daughter in the car,^[12][13] temporarily halted flights at the airport.^[14][15]

He parked under a Turkish Airlines aircraft demanding to be allowed on board to fly to Turkey with his daughter.^[16][17][18] He fired a weapon twice in the air and threw two incendiary devices from his car.^{[16][17][13][19][20]} Authorities said the commercial flight was preparing to take off, forcing the evacuation of everyone on board through a gangway.^[17][21]

The authorities believe the cause was a "custody dispute".^[22] The incident came three weeks after German federal police received an emailed threat of an attack on an Iran Air flight arriving at the airport.^[23] The perpetrator was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment by a Hamburg court.^[24]

Facilities

Main hall of Terminal 2

View of the apron

Overview

Hamburg Airport originally covered 440,000 m² (4,700,000 sq ft). Since then, the site has grown more than tenfold to 5.7 km² (2.2 sq mi). The main apron covers 320,000 m² (3,400,000 sq ft) and features 54 parking positions; the passenger terminals provide 17 jet bridges. As of July 2016, the airport had only three routes served with wide-body aircraft; however, during that year three gates were upgraded with double-jet bridges to provide faster boarding and de-boarding for large planes like the Airbus A380.^[25] The runways, taxiways and aprons can accommodate large aircraft, including the Airbus A380. Emirates replaced one Boeing 777 with A380 aircraft on the route.^[25] On 28 May 2018, Emirates announced it would commence services from Dubai International Airport to Hamburg with the A380.^[26]

Terminals

Hamburg has two interconnected terminals, Terminal 1 (used by most airlines including those of Oneworld and SkyTeam) and Terminal 2 (Star Alliance), connected by the Airport Plaza and the baggage claim area that extends through the lower levels of all three buildings. In all buildings level 1 is the departure level with overall 44 departure gates, while level 0 is arrivals and also features ten additional bus gates.^[27] Hamburg Airport offers 12 baggage claim belts on the arrivals level. The Airport Plaza hosts the central security check as well as shops, restaurants, lounges and other service facilities. It also houses the suburban railway station.^[27]

Terminal 2 (despite its name, the older facility) was completed in 1993, Terminal 1 was completed in 2005 and is highly similar to Terminal 2 in terms of design and size. The main buildings were designed by Gerkan, Marg and Partners. Both terminals have a high, curved ceiling designed to emulate the shape of a wing.

Airlines and destinations

The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Hamburg Airport:^[28]

Airlines	Destinations
Aegean Airlines	Athens, Thessaloniki[29]
Aer Lingus	Dublin
airBaltic	Riga, Tallinn (begins 2 May 2025)[30] Seasonal: Vilnius[31]
Air Cairo	Hurghada[32][33]
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air Serbia	Seasonal: Belgrade[34]
AJet	Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[35] Seasonal: Ankara, Antalya[35]
Austrian Airlines	Vienna Seasonal: Klagenfurt[36]
British Airways	London–Heathrow
Brussels Airlines	Brussels
Condor[37]	Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, La Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Agadir,[38] Antalya,[39] Chania (resumes 3 May 2025),[40] Corfu, Faro (begins 3 April 2025),[41] Heraklion, Jerez de la Frontera (resumes 2 May 2025),[42] Kos, Málaga, Rhodes, Samos, Zakynthos (resumes 1 May 2025)[43] Seasonal charter: Pristina[44]
Corendon Airlines	Antalya Seasonal: İzmir[45]
DAT	Saarbrücken[46]
easyJet	Basel/Mulhouse, Edinburgh, London–Gatwick, Manchester
Emirates	Dubai–International
European Air Charter	Seasonal charter: Burgas, Varna
Eurowings[47]	Barcelona, Budapest, Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Fuerteventura, Graz,[48] London–Heathrow, Manchester,[49] Milan–Malpensa, Munich, Nice, Oslo, Palma de Mallorca, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Rome–Fiumicino, Salzburg, Stockholm–Arlanda, Stuttgart, Vienna, Zürich Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,[50][51] Alicante,[52] Bari, Bilbao,[52] Burgas,[53] Catania, Chania,[47] Corfu, Dubrovnik, Faro, Gothenburg,[54] Gran Canaria, Heraklion, Ibiza, Innsbruck, Jerez de la Frontera,[55] Kayseri,[50] Kos, Lanzarote, La Palma, Larnaca, Lisbon,[52] Málaga, Malta,[56] Mykonos, Nador,[57] Naples, Olbia, Porto,[52] Reykjavík–Keflavík,[58] Rhodes, Rijeka, Split, Tenerife–South, Thessaloniki, Tromsø,[59] Tunis,[60] Valencia, Varna, Venice, Verona,[52] Zadar, Zakynthos[61]
Finnair	Helsinki
Freebird Airlines[62]	Seasonal: Antalya
HiSky	Chișinău[63]
Iberia	Madrid
Icelandair	Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík
Iran Air	Tehran–Imam Khomeini
ITA Airways	Seasonal: Milan–Linate[64]
KLM	Amsterdam
LOT Polish Airlines	Warsaw–Chopin
Lufthansa	Frankfurt, Munich[65]
Luxair	Luxembourg
Marabu	Seasonal: Chania,[66] Corfu,[66] Faro,[67] Gran Canaria,[66] Heraklion,[66] Hurghada,[66] Kos,[66] Málaga,[66] Rhodes,[66] Zakynthos[66]
Norwegian Air Shuttle	Oslo[68]
Qatar Airways	Doha[69]
Pegasus Airlines	Ankara, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen Seasonal: Antalya
Play	Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík
Ryanair[70]	Alicante, Bergamo,[71] Dublin, Edinburgh, Gdańsk, London–Stansted, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Porto Seasonal: Valencia, Zadar
Scandinavian Airlines	Copenhagen, Stockholm–Arlanda Seasonal: Oslo[72]
SkyAlps	Bolzano[73]
SunExpress[74]	Antalya, İzmir Seasonal: Ankara,[75] Dalaman
Swiss International Air Lines	Zürich Seasonal: Geneva[76]
Sylt Air	Seasonal: Sylt
TAP Air Portugal	Lisbon
Tunisair	Monastir[77]
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,[78] Gaziantep,[79] Kayseri,[79] Samsun[79]
Volotea	Seasonal: Bordeaux, Florence, Lyon,[80] Nantes (begins 17 September 2024)[81]
Vueling	Barcelona[82] Seasonal: Bilbao[83]
Widerøe	Bergen[84][85]
Wizz Air	Belgrade, Bucharest–Otopeni, Catania,[86] Gdańsk, Rome–Fiumicino,[87] Skopje, Sofia,[88] Tirana, Varna, Warsaw–Chopin

Statistics

Passengers and movements

	Passengers	Movements	Freight (in t)
2000	9,949,269	164,932	48,669
2001	9,490,432	158,569	43,076
2002	8,946,505	150,271	40,871
2003	9,529,924	149,362	36,018
2004	9,893,700	151,434	37,080
2005	10,676,016	156,180	32,677
2006	11,954,117	168,395	38,211
2007	12,780,631	173,516	44,204
2008	12,838,350	172,067	37,266
2009	12,229,319	157,487	31,595
2010	12,962,429	157,180	27,330
2011	13,558,261	158,076	27,588
2012	13,697,402	152,890	28,174
2013	13,502,553	143,802	28,302
2014	14,760,280	153,879	28,948
2015	15,610,072	158,398	31,294
2016	16,223,968	160,904	35,284
2017	17,622,997	159,780	36,863
2018	17,231,687	156,388	33,473
2019	17,308,773	-	-
Sources: ADV,[89] Hamburg Airport[90]

Annual passenger traffic at HAM airport. See Wikidata query.

Busiest routes

Busiest routes from Hamburg (2019)^[91]

Rank	Destination	Passengers	Operating Airlines
1	Munich	1,750,284	Eurowings, Lufthansa
2	Frankfurt	1,422,950	Lufthansa
3	London (all airports)	978,500	British Airways, easyJet, Eurowings, Ryanair
4	Palma de Mallorca	882,830	Condor, Eurowings, Ryanair
5	Stuttgart	737,285	Eurowings
6	Vienna	710,162	Austrian Airlines, Eurowings, LEVEL
7	Zürich	699,800	Eurowings, Swiss
8	Düsseldorf	524,114	Eurowings
9	Antalya	498,966	Condor, Corendon Airlines, Freebird Airlines, SunExpress
10	Amsterdam	477,618	Eurowings, KLM
Total number of passengers embarking direct flights doubled (no connecting passengers).

Ground transportation

Train

Hamburg Airport station

See also: Hamburg Airport station

The airport is around 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Hamburg city centre and 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Norderstedt in the borough of Fuhlsbüttel. S-Bahn service S1, operated by Deutsche Bahn operates every ten minutes between the airport, Ohlsdorf, Wandsbek, Hamburg central station, Altona, Blankenese and Wedel. It is part of the HVV fare organisation offering tickets for all modes of public transportation in Hamburg. Going towards the airport, S1 trains split at Ohlsdorf station, with one portion going to the airport and the other going to Poppenbüttel.^[92]

Car

By road, the airport can be reached from Federal Motorway A7 via Exit Schnelsen using the state motorway B433, which is Hamburg's third ring road.^[92]

Bus

The airport is also linked by some local bus routes of HVV to nearby areas as well as regular coach services to the cities of Kiel and Neumünster.^[92]

See also

• Transport in Germany
• List of airports in Germany
• Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport

References

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External links

Media related to Hamburg Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Hamburg Airport travel guide from Wikivoyage

• Official website
• Current weather for EDDH at NOAA/NWS
• Accident history for HAM at Aviation Safety Network