Abiraterone acetate
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Abiraterone acetate, sold under the brand name Zytiga among others, is a medication used to treat prostate cancer.[9] Specifically it is used together with a corticosteroid for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and metastatic high-risk castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).[2][3] It should either be used following removal of the testicles or along with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog.[2] It is taken by mouth.[9]
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Pronunciation | a" bir a' ter one |
Trade names | Zytiga, Yonsa, others |
Other names | CB-7630; JNJ-212082; 17-(3-Pyridinyl)androsta-5,16-dien-3β-ol acetate, abiraterone (BAN UK), abiraterone acetate (JAN JP), abiraterone acetate (USAN US) |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a611046 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth[2][3] |
Drug class | Antineoplastic |
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Bioavailability | Unknown, but may be 50% at most on empty stomach[6] |
Protein binding | Abiraterone: ~99.8% (to albumin and α1-AGpTooltip alpha-1 acid glycoprotein)[6][2][7] |
Metabolism | Esterases, CYP3A4, SULT2A1[7] |
Metabolites | Abiraterone, others[2][6] |
Elimination half-life | Abiraterone: 12–24 hours[2][6][3] |
Excretion | Feces: 88%[2][7] Urine: 5%[2][7][3] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.149.063 |
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Formula | C26H33NO2 |
Molar mass | 391.555 g·mol−1 |
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Melting point | 144 to 145 °C (291 to 293 °F) [8] |
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Common side effects include tiredness, vomiting, headache, joint pain, high blood pressure, swelling, low blood potassium, high blood sugar, hot flashes, diarrhea, and cough.[9][2] Other severe side effects may include liver failure and adrenocortical insufficiency.[2] In males whose partners can become pregnant, birth control is recommended.[2] Supplied as abiraterone acetate it is converted in the body to abiraterone.[2] Abiraterone acetate works by suppressing the production of androgens – specifically it inhibits CYP17A1 – and thereby decreases the production of testosterone.[9] In doing so, it prevents the effects of these hormones in prostate cancer.[9]
Abiraterone acetate was described in 1995, and approved for medical use in the United States and the European Union in 2011.[10][2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[11][12] It is available as a generic medication.[13]