Baicheng County

Baicheng County^[4][5] (Chinese: 拜城县) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Bay County^[6][7][8] (pronounced like 'bye', pronunciation^ⓘ,^[9] Uyghur: باي ناھىيىسى;^[10] Chinese: 拜县), is a county in Aksu Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China.

Baicheng County باي ناھىيىسى (Uyghur) 拜城县 (Chinese) Bay, Bai, Paicheng
County
Location of Baicheng County (red) in Aksu Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang
Baicheng County Location within China Show map of Xinjiang Baicheng County Baicheng County (China) Show map of China
Coordinates: 41°46′12″N 81°52′12″E
Country	China
Autonomous region	Xinjiang
Prefecture	Aksu
County seat	Bai Town
Township-level divisions	4 towns, 10 townships
Area [1]
• Total	15,916.81 km2 (6,145.51 sq mi)
Population  (2020)[2]
• Total	231,113
• Density	15/km2 (38/sq mi)
Ethnic groups
• Major ethnic groups	Uyghur[3]
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard[lower-alpha 1])
Postal code	842300
Website	www.xjbc.gov.cn (in Chinese)

Baicheng County
Uyghur name
Uyghur	باي ناھىيىسى‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Bay Nahiyisi Yengi Yeziⱪ Bay Nah̡iyisi SASM/GNC Bay Nahiyisi Siril Yëziqi Бай Наһийиси
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	拜城县
Traditional Chinese	拜城縣
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bàichéng Xiàn
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	拜县
Traditional Chinese	拜縣
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bài Xiàn

History

In 1882, the county was established.^[1][11]

On 6 November 1997, a member of a Xinjiang separatist group, Muhammat Tursun, fatally shot imam Yunus Sidiq Damolla at his mosque in Baicheng County.^[12]

According to a report from Radio Free Asia, on February 17, 2015, seventeen Uyghurs (four policemen, nine attackers and four bystanders) were killed after a stabbing incident 150 m (490 ft) from a police station in the county.^[13]

Main article: 2015 Aksu colliery attack

On September 18, 2015, a group of terrorists, suspected to be Uyghurs, attacked workers and security guards at the Sogan Colliery in Terek, leaving at up to 50 dead and 50 wounded.^[14] A manhunt for the suspects concluded on November 13, with 28 suspects killed and 1 surrendering. In interview with Radio Free Asia, county police officers confirmed that women and children were among those killed in November.^[7]

On December 5, 2019 at around 10:46 a.m., a 4.9 magnitude earthquake struck the county (epicenter: 41.73°N 81.65°E / 41.73; 81.65).^[4]

Geography

The county is located in the northern part of the prefecture, occupying the valley of the Muzart River between the southern slopes of the Tengritagh and the Qoltagh (却勒塔格山; Quèlètǎgé Shān).

Climate

Climate data for Baicheng, elevation 1,229 m (4,032 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−4.3 (24.3)	2.7 (36.9)	12.9 (55.2)	21.3 (70.3)	25.8 (78.4)	29.1 (84.4)	30.8 (87.4)	29.9 (85.8)	25.4 (77.7)	18.1 (64.6)	7.5 (45.5)	−2.3 (27.9)	16.4 (61.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−11.3 (11.7)	−4.5 (23.9)	5.4 (41.7)	13.4 (56.1)	17.8 (64.0)	20.7 (69.3)	22.1 (71.8)	21.1 (70.0)	16.5 (61.7)	8.6 (47.5)	0.1 (32.2)	−8.2 (17.2)	8.5 (47.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−16.6 (2.1)	−10.3 (13.5)	−1.1 (30.0)	6.0 (42.8)	10.4 (50.7)	13.1 (55.6)	14.9 (58.8)	14.0 (57.2)	9.7 (49.5)	1.9 (35.4)	−4.7 (23.5)	−12.2 (10.0)	2.1 (35.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	3.3 (0.13)	4.9 (0.19)	4.8 (0.19)	7.5 (0.30)	13.4 (0.53)	23.9 (0.94)	22.1 (0.87)	22.5 (0.89)	16.7 (0.66)	11.1 (0.44)	5.0 (0.20)	2.5 (0.10)	137.7 (5.44)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	5.3	3.2	2.5	3.0	5.4	9.1	10.4	9.1	6.8	2.8	2.1	4.0	63.7
Average snowy days	8.9	5.5	1.6	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0.2	2.5	8.1	27
Average relative humidity (%)	76	71	56	45	48	56	60	62	66	68	76	80	64
Mean monthly sunshine hours	184.4	200.5	240.1	258.9	294.1	295.7	308.2	291.5	266.3	254.3	200.4	161.0	2,955.4
Percent possible sunshine	62	66	64	64	65	65	68	69	73	76	69	57	67
Source: China Meteorological Administration[15][16]

Administrative divisions

Baicheng County administered 4 towns and 10 townships^[1][17]

Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Uyghur (UEY)	Uyghur Latin (ULY)	Administrative division code	Notes
Towns
Bai Town	拜城镇	Bàichéng Zhèn	باي بازىرى	bay baziri	652926100
Tirek Town	铁热克镇	Tiěrèkè Zhèn	تېرەك بازىرى	tërek baziri	652926101
Qarqi Town[18] (Yaqeriq)	察尔齐镇	Chá'ěrqí Zhèn	ياقىئېرىق بازىرى	yaqi'ëriq baziri	652926102
Sairam Town[19]	赛里木镇	Sàilǐmù Zhèn	سايرام بازىرى	sayram baziri	652926103	birthplace of the historian Musa Sayrami
Townships
Qeyir Township	黑英山乡	Hēiyīngshān Xiāng	قېيىر يېزىسى	qëyir yëzisi	652926200
Kizil Township	克孜尔乡	Kèzī'ěr Xiāng	قىزىل يېزىسى	qizil yëzisi	652926201	site of a number of Buddhist grotto sites, including Kizil Caves
Toqsun Township	托克逊乡	Tuōkèxùn Xiāng	توقسۇن يېزىسى	toqsun yëzisi	652926203
Yatur Township	亚吐尔乡	Yàtǔ'ěr Xiāng	ياتۇر يېزىسى	yatur yëzisi	652926204
Kanchi Township[20]	康其乡	Kāngqí Xiāng	كانچى يېزىسى	kanchi yëzisi	652926205
Bulung Township	布隆乡	Bùlóng Xiāng	بۇلۇڭ يېزىسى	bulung yëzisi	652926206
Miqigh Township	米吉克乡	Mǐjíkè Xiāng	مىچىغ يېزىسى	michigh yëzisi	652926207
Onbash Township	温巴什乡	Wēnbāshí Xiāng	ئومباش يېزىسى	Ombash yëzisi	652926208
Chong Kowruk Township	大桥乡	Dàqiáo Xiāng	چوڭ كۆۋرۈك يېزىسى	chong köwrük yëzisi	652926209
Qarabagh Township	老虎台乡	Láohǔtái Xiāng	قاراباغ يېزىسى	qarabagh yëzisi	652926210

Economy

The county's economy is based on agriculture and produces rapeseed in abundance. Animal husbandry is also common. Mineral resources are rich. Industries include coal, iron, electronics, fertilizer, tractors, vegetable oil extraction, etc. The Tianshan Mountains have lush spruce forests.^[11]

As of 1885^[update], there was about 67,500 acres (445,577 mu) of cultivated land in Bay.^[21]

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
2000	203,665	—
2010	229,252	+1.19%
[1]

As of 2015, 212,272 of the 241,079 residents of the county were Uyghur, 26,559 were Han Chinese and 2,248 were from other ethnic groups.^[22]

According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 200,000.^{[citation needed]}

As of 1999, 87.03% of the population of the county were Uyghur and 12.08% of the population was Han Chinese.^[23]

Transportation

• China National Highway 217

Historical maps

Historical English-language maps including the county:

• 
  Map including the county (labeled as PAI-CH'ENG (BAI)) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (AMS, 1950)^{[lower-alpha 2]}
• 
  Map including the county (labeled as BAICHENG) (DMA, 1981)
• 
  From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including the county (labeled as Pai-ch'eng (Bay)) (DMA, 1985)^{[lower-alpha 3]}

Notes

1. Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.
2. From map: "THE DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ON THIS MAP MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE"
3. From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."

References

1. 拜城县历史沿革 (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 30 January 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2020. 2010年第六次人口普查，拜城县常住总人口229252人，其中：拜城镇49207人，铁热克镇6479人，察尔齐镇18485人，赛里木镇15142人，黑英山乡12538人，克孜尔乡8516人，托克逊乡14530人，亚吐尔乡16870人，康其乡17290人，布隆乡9390人，米吉克乡14756人，温巴什乡15613人，大桥乡9963人，老虎台乡11997人，大宛其农场6515人，种羊场1961人。
2. Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
3. 1997年拜城县行政区划. XZQH.org (in Simplified Chinese). 10 November 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2020. 有维吾尔、汉、柯尔克孜、回等民族，其中维吾尔族占89%，
4. huaxia, ed. (5 December 2019). "4.9-magnitude quake hits Xinjiang, no casualties". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on December 6, 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2020. A 4.9-magnitude earthquake jolted Baicheng County of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region at around 10:46 a.m. Thursday, according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).
5. huaxia, ed. (20 December 2017). "China Kitchen: Laghman Noodle, a hand-rubbed delicacy in Xinjiang". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on May 9, 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2020. "Three cooks would suffice with the traditional way of making Laghman, but we hired 13, all from Baicheng county," She explains.
6. Muyessar Turdi; Linsheng Yang (September 2016). "Trace Elements Contamination and Human Health Risk Assessment in Drinking Water from the Agricultural and Pastoral Areas of Bay County, Xinjiang, China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 13 (10): 938. doi:10.3390/ijerph13100938. PMC 5086677. PMID 27669274.
7. Shohret Hoshur; Lam Lok-tung; Paul Eckert (20 November 2015). "China Says Kills 28 Suspects in Xinjiang Coal Mine Attack After 56-day Manhunt". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
8. "Records of Xinjiang Ground-jay Podoces biddulphi in Taklimakan Desert, Xinjiang, China" (PDF). 2004. p. 121. Retrieved 28 July 2020. Bay
9. Bai. Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World. Morningside Heights, New York, Columbia University Press, by arrangement with J.B. Lippincott Co. 1952. p. 143 – via Internet Archive. Bai (bī)
10. باي (Variant Non-Roman Script - VS) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
11. 夏征农; 陈至立, eds. (September 2009). 辞海：第六版彩图本 [Cihai (Sixth Edition in Color)] (in Chinese). 上海. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社. Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House. p. 87. ISBN 978-7-5326-2859-9.
12. Reed, J. Todd; Raschke, Diana (2010). The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat. ABC-CLIO. pp. 59–61.
13. Paul Eckert (20 February 2015). "Hacking, Shooting Incident Leaves 17 Dead in Xinjiang's Aksu Prefecture". Radio Free Asia. Translated by Mamatjan Juma. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
14. Andrew Jacobs (18 October 2015). "In a Region Disturbed by Ethnic Tensions, China Keeps Tight Lid on a Massacre". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 20 October 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2020 – via Internet Archive.
15. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
16. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
17. 2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：拜城县 (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2019. 统计用区划代码 名称 652926100000 拜城镇 652926101000 铁热克镇 652926102000 察尔其镇 652926103000 赛里木镇 652926200000 黑英山乡 652926201000 克孜尔乡 652926203000 托克逊乡 652926204000 亚吐尔乡 652926205000 康其乡 652926206000 布隆乡 652926207000 米吉克乡 652926208000 温巴什乡 652926209000 大桥乡 652926210000 老虎台乡 652926400000 大宛其管理委员会
18. Qarqi (Approved - N) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
19. Zhong Xingqi 钟兴麒, ed. (July 2008). 西域地名考录 (in Simplified Chinese). Beijing: 国家图书馆出版社. pp. 780–781. ISBN 978-7-5013-3628-9. 赛里(喇)木 sài lǐ mù Sairam {...} 二、城名。位于新疆拜城县。又写作赛喇木。
20. huaxia, ed. (17 September 2020). "Full Text: Employment and Labor Rights in Xinjiang". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved 20 September 2020. Ablimit Keyum from Kanchi Township, Baicheng (Bay) County, Aksu Prefecture,
21. Herold J. Wiens (November 1966). "Cultivation Development and Expansion in China's Colonial Realm in Central Asia". The Journal of Asian Studies. 26 (1): 75. doi:10.2307/2051832. JSTOR 2051832. S2CID 162339064.
22. 3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 (in Simplified Chinese). شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى 新疆维吾尔自治区统计局 Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2017-09-03.
23. Morris Rossabi, ed. (2004). Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers (PDF). University of Washington Press. p. 179. ISBN 0-295-98390-6.

External links

• County Government Archived 2021-12-23 at the Wayback Machine (in Chinese)