Dither

Noise that reduces quantization error / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Dither is an intentionally applied form of noise used to randomize quantization error, preventing large-scale patterns such as color banding in images. Dither is routinely used in processing of both digital audio and video data, and is often one of the last stages of mastering audio to a CD.

Michelangelo%27s_David_-_Floyd-Steinberg.png
A grayscale image represented in 1-bit black-and-white space with dithering

A common use of dither is converting a grayscale image to black and white, such that the density of black dots in the new image approximates the average gray level in the original.