Essex-class aircraft carrier
1940s class of aircraft carrier of the United States Navy / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Essex class is a retired class of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy. The 20th century's most numerous class of capital ship, the class consisted of 24 vessels, which came in "short-hull" and "long-hull" versions. Thirty-two ships were ordered, but as World War II wound down, six were canceled before construction, and two were canceled after construction had begun. Fourteen saw combat during World War II. None were lost to enemy action, though several sustained crippling damage due to kamikaze attacks. Essex-class carriers were the backbone of the U.S. Navy from mid-1943 and, with the three Midway-class carriers added just after the war, continued to be the heart of U.S. naval strength until supercarriers joined the fleet in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Several of the carriers were rebuilt to handle heavier and faster aircraft of the early jet age, and some served until well after the Vietnam War. Of the 24 ships in the class, four of the carriers: Yorktown, Hornet, Lexington, and Intrepid, have been preserved as museum ships.
USS Philippine Sea (CVA-47) underway in 1955 | |
Class overview | |
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Name | Essex class |
Builders | |
Operators | United States Navy |
Preceded by | |
Succeeded by | Midway class |
Subclasses | Ticonderoga class |
Cost | US$68–78 million (1942)[1] |
Built | 1941–1950 |
In commission | 1942–1991 |
Planned | 32 |
Completed | 24 |
Cancelled | 8 |
Retired | 24 |
Preserved | |
General characteristics (all stats as built) | |
Type | Aircraft carrier |
Displacement | |
Length |
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Beam |
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Draft | 27.5 ft (8.4 m) |
Installed power |
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Propulsion |
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Speed | 33 knots (37 mph 60.6 km/h) |
Range | 20,000 nmi (37,000 km) at 15 kn (28 km/h) |
Complement | 268 officers, 2,363 enlisted |
Sensors and processing systems | |
Armament |
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Armor |
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Aircraft carried | 90–100 |
Notes | [2] |