Gerald Ford
President of the United States from 1974 to 1977 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (/ˈdʒɛrəld/ JERR-əld;[1] born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th president of the United States from 1974 to 1977. He previously served as the leader of the Republican Party in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1973, and as the 40th vice president under President Richard Nixon from 1973 to 1974. Ford succeeded to the presidency when Nixon resigned in 1974, but was defeated for election to a full term in 1976. Ford is the only person to become U.S. president without winning an election for president or vice president.
Gerald Ford | |
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.jpg) Official portrait, 1974 | |
| 38th President of the United States | |
| In office August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977 | |
| Vice President |
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| Preceded by | Richard Nixon |
| Succeeded by | Jimmy Carter |
| 40th Vice President of the United States | |
| In office December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974 | |
| President | Richard Nixon |
| Preceded by | Spiro Agnew |
| Succeeded by | Nelson Rockefeller |
| House Minority Leader | |
| In office January 3, 1965 – December 6, 1973 | |
| Whip | Leslie C. Arends |
| Preceded by | Charles A. Halleck |
| Succeeded by | John Jacob Rhodes |
| Leader of the House Republican Conference | |
| In office January 3, 1965 – December 6, 1973 | |
| Preceded by | Charles A. Halleck |
| Succeeded by | John Jacob Rhodes |
| Chair of the House Republican Conference | |
| In office January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965 | |
| Leader | Charles A. Halleck |
| Preceded by | Charles B. Hoeven |
| Succeeded by | Melvin Laird |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Michigan's 5th district | |
| In office January 3, 1949 – December 6, 1973 | |
| Preceded by | Bartel J. Jonkman |
| Succeeded by | Richard Vander Veen |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Leslie Lynch King Jr. (1913-07-14)July 14, 1913 Omaha, Nebraska, U.S. |
| Died | December 26, 2006(2006-12-26) (aged 93) Rancho Mirage, California, U.S. |
| Resting place | Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | |
| Children | |
| Parents | |
| Education | |
| Occupation |
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| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1942–1946 |
| Rank |  Lieutenant commander |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | |
| College football career | |
| No. 48 | |
| Position | Center |
| Class | 1935 |
| Major | Economics |
| Career history | |
| College |
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| High school | Grand Rapids South |
| Career highlights and awards | |
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Gerald Ford's comments at his Swearing in Ceremony to be 38th President of the United States Recorded August 9, 1974 | |
Ford was born in Omaha, Nebraska and raised in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He attended the University of Michigan, where he played for the school's football team before eventually attending Yale Law School. Afterward, he served in the U.S. Naval Reserve from 1942 to 1946. Ford began his political career in 1949 as the U.S. representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, serving in this capacity for nearly 25 years, the final nine of them as the House minority leader. In December 1973, two months after Agnew's resignation, Ford became the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment. After the subsequent resignation of President Nixon in August 1974, Ford immediately assumed the presidency.
Domestically, Ford presided over the worst economy in the four decades since the Great Depression, with growing inflation and a recession.[2] In one of his most controversial acts, he granted a presidential pardon to Nixon for his role in the Watergate scandal. Foreign policy was characterized in procedural terms by the increased role Congress began to play, and by the corresponding curb on the powers of the president.[3] Ford signed the Helsinki Accords, which marked a move toward détente in the Cold War. With the collapse of South Vietnam nine months into his presidency, U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War essentially ended. In the 1976 Republican presidential primary, Ford defeated Ronald Reagan for the Republican nomination, but narrowly lost the presidential election to the Democratic challenger, Jimmy Carter.
Following his years as president, Ford remained active in the Republican Party, but his moderate views on various social issues increasingly put him at odds with conservative members of the party in the 1990s and early 2000s. He also set aside the enmity he had felt towards Carter following the 1976 election and the two former presidents developed a close friendship. After experiencing a series of health problems, he died in Rancho Mirage, California in 2006. Surveys of historians and political scientists have ranked Ford as a below-average president,[4][5][6] though retrospective public polls on his time in office were more positive.[7][8]