Government of South Korea
National governing authority of South Korea / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Government of South Korea is the national government of the Republic of Korea, created by the Constitution of South Korea as the executive, legislative and judicial authority of the republic. The president acts as the head of state and is the highest figure of executive authority in the country, followed by the prime minister and government ministers in decreasing order.[1]
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Formation | 13 April 1919; 105 years ago (1919-04-13) (Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea) 15 August 1948; 75 years ago (1948-08-15) (First Republic) 25 February 1988; 36 years ago (1988-02-25) (current form) |
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Jurisdiction | South Korea |
Website | www.gov.kr |
Legislative branch | |
Legislature | National Assembly |
Meeting place | National Assembly Building |
Executive branch | |
Leader | President |
Headquarters | Yongsan District, Seoul |
Main organ | State Council |
Departments | 18 |
Judicial branch | |
Court | Supreme Court |
Seat | Seocho District, Seoul |
Court | Constitutional Court |
Seat | Jongno District, Seoul |
Government of South Korea | |
Hangul | 대한민국정부 |
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Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Daehanminguk Jeongbu |
McCune–Reischauer | Taehanmin’guk Chŏngbu |
The Executive and Legislative branches operate primarily at the national level, although various ministries in the executive branch also carry out local functions. Local governments are semi-autonomous and contain executive and legislative bodies of their own. The judicial branch operates at both the national and local levels. The South Korean government's structure is determined by the Constitution of the Republic of Korea. This document has been revised several times since its first promulgation in 1948 (for details, see History of South Korea). However, it has retained many broad characteristics; with the exception of the short-lived Second Republic of South Korea, the country has always had a relatively independent chief executive in the form of a president.
As with most stable three-branch systems, a careful system of checks and balances is in place. For instance, the judges of the Constitutional Court are partially appointed by the executive, and partially by the legislature. Likewise, when a resolution of impeachment is passed by the legislature, it is sent to the judiciary for a final decision.