Isobutane

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Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3. It is an isomer of butane. Isobutane is a colorless, odorless gas. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom. Isobutane is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.[6]

Quick facts: Names, Identifiers, Properties, Thermochemist... ▼
Isobutane
Chemical structure of isobutane with all atoms explicitly shown
Chemical structure of isobutane with all atoms explicitly shown
Skeletal formula of isobutane
Skeletal formula of isobutane
Ball and stick model of isobutane
Ball and stick model of isobutane
Spacefill model of isobutane
Spacefill model of isobutane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Methylpropane[1]
Other names
Isobutane, R600a
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1730720
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.780 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-857-2
E number E943b (glazing agents, ...)
1301
KEGG
RTECS number
  • TZ4300000
UNII
UN number 1969
  • InChI=1S/C4H10/c1-4(2)3/h4H,1-3H3 checkY
    Key: NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • CC(C)C
Properties
C4H10
Molar mass 58.124 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor Odorless
Density
  • 2.51 kg/m3 (at 15 °C, 100 kPa)
  • 563 kg/m3 (at 15 °C, boiling liquid)
Melting point −159.42 °C (−254.96 °F; 113.73 K)[2]
Boiling point −11.7 °C (10.9 °F; 261.4 K)[2]
48.9 mg⋅L−1 (at 25 °C (77 °F))[3]
Vapor pressure 3.1 atm (310 kPa) (at 21 °C (294 K; 70 °F))[4]
8.6 nmol⋅Pa−1⋅kg−1
Conjugate acid Isobutanium
−51.7·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
96.65 J⋅K−1⋅mol−1
−134.8 – −133.6 kJ⋅mol−1
−2.86959 – −2.86841 MJ⋅mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable
Danger
H220
P210
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
4
0
Flash point −83 °C (−117 °F; 190 K)
460 °C (860 °F; 733 K)
Explosive limits 1.4–8.3%
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 None[5]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3)[5]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D.[5]
Safety data sheet (SDS) lindeus.com
Related compounds
Related alkane
 Isopentane
Supplementary data page
Isobutane (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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