Kilo-class submarine

The Kilo class, Soviet designation Project 877 Paltus (Russian: Па́лтус, meaning "halibut"), NATO reporting name Kilo, is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines originally designed in the 1970s and built in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. The initial version of Kilo submarines entered operational service in 1980 and were built until the mid-1990s.

Quick facts: Class overview, General characteristics... ▼

Russian Black Sea Fleet's B-265 Krasnodar Improved Kilo-class submarine in 2015.
Class overview
Builders	Rubin Design Bureau Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard Amur Shipbuilding Plant Admiralty Shipyard Sevmash
Operators	See Operators
Preceded by	Tango class
Succeeded by	Lada class
Subclasses	Sindhughosh class
Built	1980–present
In service	1980–present
In commission	December 1980–present
Building	3
Completed	73
Active	64
Lost	1
Retired	16
Preserved	1
General characteristics
Type	Attack submarine
Displacement	Surfaced: 2,325 (Project 877)–2,350 (Project 636.3) tons Submerged: 3,075 tons full load (Kilo - Project 877 variant); 3,100 tons full load (Improved Kilo - Project 636.3 - variant[1])
Length	70.0–73.8 m (229 ft 8 in – 242 ft 2 in)
Beam	9.9 m (32 ft 6 in)
Draft	6.2 m (20 ft 4 in)
Installed power	Diesel-electric
Propulsion	Diesel-electric propulsion 2 × 1000 kW Diesel generators 1 × 5,500–6,800 shp (4,100–5,100 kW) Propulsion motor 1 × fixed-pitch 6 or 7 bladed propeller (6BL project 877) (7BL project 636)
Speed	Surfaced: 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) Submerged: 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Range	With snorkel: 6,000–7,500 nmi (11,100–13,900 km; 6,900–8,600 mi) at 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) Submerged: 400 nmi (740 km; 460 mi) at 3 kn (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) Full run: 12.7 nmi (23.5 km; 14.6 mi) at 21 kn (39 km/h; 24 mph)
Endurance	45 days
Test depth	Operational: 240 m (790 ft) Maximum: 300 m (980 ft)
Complement	52
Armament	6 × 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes 18 torpedoes 4[2] Kalibr / Club land-attack cruise missile, anti-ship missile and anti-submarine missile (some versions) 24 mines 8 9K34 Strela-3 (SA-N-8 Gremlin) or 8 9K310 Igla-1 (SA-N-10 Gimlet) surface-to-air missiles (export submarines may not be equipped with air defense weapons)

Production was switched to the more advanced Project 636 Varshavyanka (Russian: Варшавянка, meaning "Varsovian (inhabitant of Warsaw; feminine)") variant in the mid-1990s, also known as Improved Kilo class in the West.^{[citation needed]} The class was updated again by the Rubin Design Bureau in the mid-2010s and called the Project 636.3.[2][1][3]