Tel Lachish
Biblical city and an archeological site in Israel / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lachish (Hebrew: לכיש; Ancient Greek: Λαχίς; Latin: Lachis) was an ancient Canaanite and Israelite city in the Shephelah ("lowlands of Judea") region of Israel, on the south bank of the Lakhish River, mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible. The current tell (ruin) by that name, known as Tel Lachish (Hebrew: תל לכיש) or Tell ed-Duweir (تل الدوير),[1][2] has been identified with the biblical Lachish. Today, it is an Israeli national park operated and maintained by the Israel Nature and Parks Authority. It lies near the present-day moshav of Lakhish.
תל לכיש (in Hebrew) | |
Location | Southern District, Israel |
---|---|
Region | Shephelah |
Coordinates | 31°33′54″N 34°50′56″E |
Grid position | 135/108 PAL |
Type | Settlement |
Part of | Canaan, Kingdom of Judah |
Area | 20 ha (49 acres) |
History | |
Abandoned | 587 BCE |
Periods | Bronze Age, Iron Age |
Cultures | Canaanite, Israelite, Judahite |
Events | Siege of Lachish (701 BCE) |
Site notes | |
Excavation dates | 1932–1938, 1966, 1968, 1973–1994, 2013–2016 |
Archaeologists | James Leslie Starkey, Olga Tufnell, Yohanan Aharoni, David Ussishkin, Yosef Garfinkel |
Condition | Ruined |
Ownership | Public |
Public access | Yes |
Lachish was first mentioned in the Amarna letters. In the Book of Joshua, Lachish is mentioned as one of the cities conquered by the Israelites for joining the league against the Gibeonites (Joshua 10:31–33). The territory was later assigned to the tribe of Judah (15:39) and became part of the United Kingdom of Israel. Following the kingdom's partition, Lachish emerged one of the most important cities in the Kingdom of Judah, second only to the capital, Jerusalem.[3]
Lachish is best known for its siege and conquest by the Neo-Assyrians in 701 BCE, an event famously depicted on the Lachish reliefs, which can be seen today in the British Museum. According to the Book of Jeremiah, Lachish and Azekah were the last two Judean cities to fall to the Babylonians before the conquest of Jerusalem (Jeremiah 34:7). One of the Lachish letters, written in 597–587 BCE, warns of the impending Babylonian destruction. It reads: "Let my lord know that we are watching over the beacon of Lachish, according to the signals which my lord gave, for Azekah is not seen." This pottery inscription can be seen at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem.[4]