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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mirza Mohammad rafi 'Sauda' (Urdu: مِرزا مُحمّد رفِیع سَودا), (1713–1781) was an Urdu poet in Delhi, India. He is known for his Ghazals and Urdu Qasidas.[1]
Mirza Muhammad Rafi | |
---|---|
Born | 1713 Shahjahanabad, Mughal India |
Died | Lucknow, Mughal India |
Pen name | Sauda |
Language | Urdu |
He was born in 1713 [2] in Shahjahanabad (i.e. Old Delhi), where he was also brought up.[3][4] At the age of 60 or 66, he moved to Farrukhabad (with Nawab Bangash),[2] and lived there from 1757 to about 1770.[3][5] In A.H. 1185 (1771–72) he moved to the court of Nawab of Awadh (then in Faizabad) and remained there until his death.[3] When Lucknow became the state capital, he came there with Nawab Shujauddaula.[4]
Sulaimān Qulī Ḳhān 'Vidād' and Shaikh Zahuruddin Hatim were his Ustads (teachers of Urdu poetry).[2][7] King Shah Alam was Shagird (student of Urdu poetry) of Sauda.[2] He was also Ustad of Shujauddaulla. Nawab Āṣif ud-Daulah gave him title of Malkushshu'ara and annual pension of Rs 6,000.[2]
Initially he composed in Persian, but switched to Urdu on the advice of his ustad, Ḳhān-e Ārzū.[2] His work was translated in 1872 by Major Henry Court, Captain, Bengal Cavalry.[8] Kulliyat of Sauda was compiled by Ḥakīm Sayyid Aṣlaḥ. ud-Dīn Ḳhān wrote the introduction.[2] Sauda's works from his Kulliyat are:[9]
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