New South Wales
Eastern state of Australia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a state on the east coast of Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. Its coast borders the Coral and Tasman Seas to the east. The Australian Capital Territory and Jervis Bay Territory are enclaves within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city.[6] In December 2021[update], the population of New South Wales was over 8 million,[1] making it Australia's most populous state. Just under two-thirds of the state's population, 5.3 million, live in the Greater Sydney area.[7]
New South Wales | |
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Nickname(s):
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Location of New South Wales in Australia Coordinates: 32°S 147°E | |
| Country | Australia |
| Before federation | Colony of New South Wales |
| Establishment | 26 January 1788 |
| Responsible government | 6 June 1856 |
| Federation | 1 January 1901 |
| Named for | Wales |
| Capital and largest city | Sydney 33°52′04″S 151°12′36″E |
| Administration | 128 local government areas |
| Government | |
• Monarch | Charles III |
• Governor | Margaret Beazley |
• Premier | Chris Minns (ALP) |
| Legislature | Parliament of New South Wales |
| Legislative Council | |
| Legislative Assembly | |
| Judiciary | Supreme Court of New South Wales |
| Parliament of Australia | |
• Senate | 12 senators (of 76) |
| 47 seats (of 151) | |
| Area | |
• Total | 809,952 km2 (312,724 sq mi) (5th) |
• Land | 801,150 km2 (309,330 sq mi) |
• Water | 8,802 km2 (3,398 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 2,228 m (7,310 ft) |
| Population | |
• March 2022 estimate |  8,130,115[1] (1st) |
• Density | 8.3/km2 (21.5/sq mi) (3rd) |
| GSP | 2020 estimate |
• Total | AU$624.9 billion[2] (1st) |
• Per capita | AU$76,876 (4th) |
| HDI (2021) | 0.952[3] very high · 3rd |
| Time zone |
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| Postal abbreviation | NSW |
| ISO 3166 code | AU-NSW |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Kookaburra (Dacelo gigas) |
| Fish | Blue groper (Achoerodus viridis) |
| Flower | Waratah (Telopea speciosissima)[4] |
| Mammal | Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
| Colour(s) | Sky blue (Pantone 291)[5] |
| Fossil | Mandageria fairfaxi |
| Mineral | Black opal |
| Website | nsw |
The Colony of New South Wales was founded as a British penal colony in 1788. It originally comprised more than half of the Australian mainland with its western boundary set at 129th meridian east in 1825. The colony then also included the island territories of Van Diemen's Land, Lord Howe Island, and Norfolk Island. During the 19th century, most of the colony's area was detached to form separate British colonies that eventually became the various states and territories of Australia. However, the Swan River Colony was never administered as part of New South Wales.
Lord Howe Island remains part of New South Wales, while Norfolk Island has become a federal territory, as have the areas now known as the Australian Capital Territory and the Jervis Bay Territory.
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