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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase beta or VE-PTP is an enzyme specifically expressed in endothelial cells that in humans is encoded by the PTPRB gene.[5][6]
PTPRB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aliases | PTPRB, HPTP-BETA, HPTPB, PTPB, R-PTP-BETA, VEPTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type B, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type B | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 176882; MGI: 97809; HomoloGene: 2125; GeneCards: PTPRB; OMA:PTPRB - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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VE-PTP is a member of the classical protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. The deletion of the gene in mouse models was shown to be embryonically lethal,[7] thus indicating that it is important for vasculogenesis and blood vessel development. In addition, it was shown to participate in adherens junctions complex and regulate vascular permeability.[8][9] Recently, Soni et al. have shown that tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-PTP via Pyk2 kinase downstream of STIM1-induced calcium entry mediates disassembly of the endothelial adherens junctions.[9]
VE-PTP contains an extracellular domain composed of multiple fibronectin type_III repeats, a single transmembrane segment and one intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, thus belongs to R3 receptor subtype PTPs. The extracellular region was shown to interact with the angiopoietin receptor Tie-2[6] and with the adhesion protein VE-cadherin.[9][10]
VE-PTP was also found to interact with Grb2 and plakoglobin through its cytoplasmatic domain.
Dysregulation of PTPRB correlates with the development of a variety of tumors. PTPRB promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).[11]
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