Ravenna
City in Emilia-Romagna, Italy / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ravenna (/rəˈvɛnə/ rə-VEN-ə, Italian: [raˈvenna], also local pronunciation: [raˈvɛnna] ⓘ; Romagnol: Ravèna) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire during the 5th century until its collapse in 476, after which it served as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom and then the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna.
Ravenna
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 Collage of Ravenna | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Ravenna  | |
  Ravenna Location of Ravenna in Emilia-Romagna Show map of Italy Ravenna Ravenna (Emilia-Romagna) Show map of Emilia-Romagna | |
| Coordinates: 44°24′58″N 12°12′06″E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Emilia-Romagna |
| Province | Ravenna (RA) |
| Frazioni | (subdivisions)
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| Government | |
| • Mayor | Michele De Pascale (PD) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 652.89 km2 (252.08 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 4 m (13 ft) |
| Population (1 January 2014)[2] | |
| • Total | 158,784 |
| • Density | 240/km2 (630/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Ravennate, Ravennese[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 48100 |
| Dialing code | 0544 |
| Patron saint | Saint Apollinaris |
| Saint day | July 23 |
| Website | Official website |
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Mosaic of the Emperor Justinian I from the Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna | |
| Criteria | Cultural: i, ii, iii, iv |
| Reference | 788 |
| Inscription | 1996 (20th Session) |
| Area | 1.32 ha |
Initially settled by the Umbri people, Ravenna came under Roman Republic control in 89 BC. Octavian built the military harbor of Classis at Ravenna, and the city remained an important seaport on the Adriatic until the early Middle Ages. The city prospered under imperial rule. In 408, Western Roman emperor Honorius moved his court from Rome to Ravenna; it then served as capital of the empire for most of the 5th century. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Ravenna became the capital of Odoacer until he was defeated by the Ostrogoth king Theodoric. In 540 Belisarius conquered Ravenna for the Byzantine Empire, and the city became the capital of Byzantine Italy. After brief Lombard control, Ravenna came under the authority of the Papacy and, save for minor interruptions, remained part of the Papal States until the mid-19th century when it was incoporated into the new unified Kingdom of Italy.
Although it is an inland city, Ravenna is connected to the Adriatic Sea by the Candiano Canal. It is known for its well-preserved late Roman and Byzantine architecture, with eight buildings comprising the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna".[4] Because of the high concentration of mosaics, the city has been associated with workshops and schools teaching mosaics, and is often given titles like the "capital of mosaics".[5][6][7]