Tionety uezd

The Tionety uezd^{[lower-alpha 1]} was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Tionety (present-day Tianeti).^[1] The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia.

Tionety uezd Тіонетскій уѣздъ
Uezd
Coat of arms
Location in the Tiflis Governorate
Country	Russian Empire
Governorate	Tiflis
Viceroyalty	Caucasus
Established	1874
Abolished	1930
Capital	Tionety (present-day Tianeti)
Area
• Total	4,836.83 km2 (1,867.51 sq mi)
Population  (1916)
• Total	49,350
• Density	10/km2 (26/sq mi)
• Rural	100.00%

History

Following the Russian Revolution, the Tionety uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia.^[1]

Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Tionety uezd in 1913 were as follows:^[2]

Name	1912 population	Area
Pshavo-Khevsuretskiy uchastok (Пшаво-Хевсуретскій участокъ)	13,967	1,781.87 square versts (2,027.88 km2; 782.97 sq mi)
Tushino-Kakhetinskiy uchastok (Тушино-Кахетинскій участокъ)	13,017	1,601.16 square versts (1,822.22 km2; 703.56 sq mi)
Ertsoyskiy uchastok (Эрцойскій участокъ)	16,403	867.03 square versts (986.73 km2; 380.98 sq mi)

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Tionety uezd had a population of 34,153 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 16,431 men and 17,722 women. The majority of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Chechen speaking minority.^[3]

Linguistic composition of the Tionety uezd in 1897^[3]

Language	Native speakers	%
Georgian	30,302	88.72
Chechen	2,113	6.19
Russian	637	1.87
Armenian	538	1.58
Kist	284	0.83
Ossetian	227	0.66
Persian	24	0.07
Turkish	10	0.03
Avar-Andean	6	0.02
Greek	5	0.01
Tatar[lower-alpha 2]	3	0.01
Belarusian	1	0.00
French	1	0.00
Jewish	1	0.00
Polish	1	0.00
TOTAL	34,153	100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Tionety uezd had a population of 49,350 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 24,402 men and 24,948 women, 48,666 of whom were the permanent population, and 684 were temporary residents:^[6]

Nationality	Number	%
Georgians	47,515	96.28
Armenians	1,726	3.50
Russians	56	0.11
North Caucasians	39	0.08
Jews	12	0.02
Other Europeans	2	0.00
TOTAL	49,350	100.00

See also

• History of the administrative division of Russia

Notes

1. • Russian: Тіоне́тскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Tionétsky uyézd
   • Georgian: თიანეთის მაზრა, romanized: tianetis mazra
2. Prior to 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918 with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".^[4][5]

References

1. Tsutsiev 2014.
2. Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.
3. "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
4. Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
5. Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
6. Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.

Bibliography

• Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.

• Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
• Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
• Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
• Kazemzadeh, Firuz (1951). The Struggle for Transcaucasia (1917–1921). New York City: Philosophical Library. ISBN 978-0-95-600040-8.
• Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.

42°6′30″N 44°57′55″E