USS Texas (BB-35)
Dreadnought battleship of the United States Navy / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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USS Texas (BB-35) is a museum ship and former United States Navy New York-class battleship. She was launched on 18 May 1912 and commissioned on 12 March 1914.[4][5]
 USS Texas (BB-35), off New York City c. 1919 | |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | Texas |
| Namesake | State of Texas |
| Ordered | 24 June 1910 |
| Builder | Newport News Shipbuilding |
| Laid down | 17 April 1911 |
| Launched | 18 May 1912 |
| Commissioned | 12 March 1914 |
| Decommissioned | 21 April 1948 |
| Stricken | 30 April 1948 |
| Fate | Museum ship |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | New York-class battleship |
| Displacement | |
| Length | |
| Beam | 95 ft 2.5 in (29.020 m) |
| Draft |
|
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 21 kn (39 km/h) |
| Range | 7,060 nmi (13,075 km; 8,125 mi) at 10 kn (19 km/h) |
| Complement | 1,042 officers and men |
| Armament |
|
| Armor | |
| General characteristics (1945) | |
| Complement | 1810 officers and men[1] |
| Sensors and processing systems | |
| Armament |
|
| Armor | Turrets: 1.75 in (44 mm) added to turret tops |
| Aircraft carried | 2 × OS2U Kingfisher |
| Aviation facilities | 1 × catapult |
USS Texas | |
   | |
| Location | Galveston, Texas in drydock for repairs. |
| Coordinates | 29°18′53″N 94°47′44″W |
| NRHP reference No. | 76002039 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | 8 December 1976[2] |
| Designated NHL | 8 December 1976[3] |
Texas served in Mexican waters following the "Tampico Incident" but saw no action there, and made numerous sorties into the North Sea during World War I without engaging the enemy, though she did fire in anger for the first time when shooting medium-caliber guns at supposed submarines (no evidence exists that suggests these were anything more than waves). In World War II, Texas escorted war convoys across the Atlantic and later shelled Vichy French forces in the North African Landings and German-held beaches in the Normandy Landings before being transferred to the Pacific Theater late in 1944 to provide naval gunfire support during the Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. She was the only Allied battleship that took part in all four of these amphibious landings. Texas was decommissioned in 1948, having earned a total of five battle stars for service in World War II.
Texas was also a technological testbed: the first U.S. battleship to mount anti-aircraft guns, the first U.S. warship to control gunfire with directors and range-keepers, the first U.S. battleship to launch an aircraft,[6][7] and one of the first U.S. Navy warships to receive production radar. She was the first battleship in the world to be outfitted with 14-inch guns.[A 1]
Texas was the first U.S. battleship to become a permanent museum ship. Although the USS Alabama museum was opened on 9 January 1965 [A 2][6] In 1976 she became the first battleship to be declared a U.S. National Historic Landmark,[8] and is the only remaining World War I era dreadnought battleship. She is also one of the eight remaining ships and the only remaining capital ship to have served in both World Wars.[9][A 3] Texas is owned by the people of Texas and is officially under the jurisdiction of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Everyday operations and maintenance of Texas have been handled by the non-profit organization Battleship Texas Foundation since August 2020.[10][11] At the end of August 2022 she was moved to a dry dock in Galveston, Texas, to undergo a $35 million repair project. As of August 2023, the repair project is still underway.[12]
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